City of Chicago v. Gilfoil

Mr. Justice Waterman delivered the opinion of the court. Upon the trial below there was given at the instance of appellee the following instruction: “ If you find the defendant guilty you will be required to determine the amount of her damages. In determining the amount of the damages the plaintiff is entitled to recover in this case, if any, the jury have a right to and they should take into consideration all the facts and circumstances in evidence before them,the nature and extent of plaintiff’s injury, if any, testified to in this case, her suffering in mind and body, if any, resulting from such injury, her loss of wages resulting from such injury, if any, and also such prospective suffering and loss of health, if any, as the jury may believe from the evidence before them in this case, she has sustained or will sustain by reason of such injury, and may find for her such sum as in the judgment of the jury under the evidence and instructions heretofore given, the jury believes she is entitled to recover.” Strictly speaking, all pain is mental. The body may be severely injured, lacerated, broken and bruised, and yet the mind not be conscious thereof. It not infrequently happens that an injury to the body produces a comatose condition. While this unconsciousness lasts there is no pain. There is what is commonly understood and spoken of as bodily pain or suffering; by this we mean pain proceeding from hurt or disorder of the body of which the mind is conscious and is therefore felt. We also recognize, speak of and feel pain that does not have its origin in, neither is connected with our body — as pain at the loss or sorrow of a friend; humiliation because of our own conduct or infirmity; this, strictly speaking, is sentimental pain and is commonly spoken of as anguish of mind. Damages for pain are given in actions predicated upon negligence only for the bodily or physical pain of which the mind is conscious. In the present case the jury having determined that the plaintiff was entitled to recover damages, in ascertaining their amount, should have considered only the evidence bearing upon the question of the amount of damage the plaintiff had sustained; and not, as they were instructed, have then taken “ into' consideration all the facts and circumstances in evidence before them.” She might have been hurt under circumstances of peculiar annoyance and humiliation without these having added in the least to the injury she sustained. NTor were the jury to give her such sum as in its judgment “ under the evidence and instructions heretofore given ” it believed she was “ entitled to recover.” The jury could properly award only such damages as under the evidence and from the instructions of the court they believed she had sustained and was entitled to recover. The instruction was misleading and should not have been given. The plaintiff has been injured and should be compensated. The instruction tended to increase the amount the jury would award. We are of the opinion that $3,500 is, under the evidence, all that should have been given, and if the plaintiff shall within ten days remit $2,000 from the judgment it will be affirmed, otherwise it will be reversed and the cause remanded.