Preston v. Dubuque & Pacific Railroad

Wright, J. The error in this instruction lies in this: that it gives railroad companies a right or privilege not conferred by the ‘ Right of Way Act,” (Oh. 31, Laws of 1853,) and as a consequence, increases their liability beyond the proper legal measure. In other words, it makes them pay for that which they have no right to take. When a railroad company, under the laws of this State, acquires the “Right of Way,” whether by purchase, or the assessment of damages by a jury, there follows with it the right to take, remove, and use for the construction and repair of the road and its appurtenances, any earth, gravel, timber or other materials on or from the land so taken. (Section 1, Oh. 31, Acts of 1853.) The extent of the right to appropriate the timber, &c., on the strip of one hundred feet in width, is thus limited by the necessity existing for their use for the purposes of construction and repairs. If the instruction in this case had used only the language, that the company had the right to appropriate the timber on the strip if deemed necessary or convenient, it would have been little, if any, objectionable, when, or if taken in connection with the further thought, that such appropriation was to be for the purposes named in the statute. But even when thus considered, it is liable to the construction, that such appropriation might bo for any purpose deemed necessary or convenient by the company. And this certainly is not the [17] meaning of the law. The company has no right to determine the necessity for the use except as connected with the two objects named in the Act. But if we look at the instruction a little more closely, it will be found to be still more objectionable. Under it, the jury could give damages, in view of the fact that the company had the right to destroy the entire timber on the strip-if deemed necessary or convenient. This language, it seems to us, loses sight of those rights which are surrendered on the one hand by the proprietor of the land, and acquired on the other by the company. By this appropriation the public, or in this instance the company, acquires only the right of way. The property in the soil and the timber growing thereon remains unchanged, except that the company may in some instances, if necessary, for the purposes named in' the statute, appropriate the timber found thereon. The right of property in the timber, is, however, not necessarily changed by the appropriation, any more than that in the-soil. And there is certainly no warrant any where for the conclusion that such appropriation gives the right to destroy the timber. Unless necessary for the purpose of construction or repairs, the proprietor may remove the timber and use it as his own; it being understood by the word construction as here used, more is meant than the mere making of the road bed. The construction of the road implies its preparation and readiness for use; and not only so, but its , use in a convenient and safe manner. Hence, though such-timber might not be. necessary for the construction of the' track, it might be necessary to remove it for the safe running of the locomotive and cars. The right to thus remove, does not, however, carry with it the right to destroy, nor ' yet to appropriate it to the use of the company for the purpose of firewood or the like. Deaton v. Polk County, 9 Iowa 594; Henry v. Dubuque Pacific Railroad Company, 2 Iowa 288. We have had much difficulty in concluding that this case should be reversed, from the tact that other -instructions ' [18] given by the court very manifestly lay down the law as above indicated. Upon the whole, however, we are inclined to think that this instruction had much weight in determining the verdict; that the jury -were probably misled and confused by the language used, notwithstanding what had before been said; and that a new trial should therefore have been granted. 2 Iowa 30, and 463; Sullivan et al. v. Finn, 4 G. Greene 544. Judgment reversed.