Burnham v. Thompson

Beok, Ch. J. x appealhomorderon This appeal is taken from the order of the court overruling defendant’s motion to set aside the verím’.y an<^ <ruasfr the writ of ad quod dmrmum. No judgment was rendered upon the verdict, but, after the action complained of, the cause was continuéd. The motion was based upon numerous grounds, of which but five are relied upon and presented for our consideration upon [423] this appeal. They are as follows: 1. The statute under which the proceedings were had is unconstitutional; 2. It has no application to dams erected without license since its enactment; 3. The jury had no legal authority to assess damages sustained prior to the verdict; 4. The petition does not show that the mill erected is to be used for grinding grain for toll, nor is that fact shown by any thing in the proceedings; 5. The assessment made was upon a second inquisition ordered by the court without notice to the defendant of an application therefor, the first having been set aside by the court. Other objections to the proceeding, raised by the motion, are not brought to our attention by counsel; they involve questions of fact, and the evidence is not before us. For these reasons we cannot consider them. I. The appellee asserts that, as there has been no judgment upon the inquisition in this case, an appeal will not lie; that the order overruling defendant’s motion cannot be reviewed at this stage of the proceedings by this court. In this view we do not concur. The judgment of the district court upon the motion involved the very merits of the case and materially affects the final decision. The objections raised by the motion were made at a stage of the proceedings and in a proper manner to call for a decision of the questions presented. They were not waived by subsequent action of defendant. In our opinion an appeal from this decision is authorized by section 2632 of the Revision. The decision, it will be remembered, settles the right of the plaintiff to the relief sought and remedy pursued by him. For this reason an appeal is allowable thereon. See Richards v. Burden, 31 Iowa, 305. 2 Ad qoudd constitutionallaw. II. ¥e will proceed to notice the questions presented for our consideration by the defendant’s counsel. The first one raises an objection to the statute under which the proceeding is brought, , , , . . . ” , on the ground that it is m conflict with [424] the constitution. This statute was enacted in 1855 (Rev., chap. 54, art. 4), and authorizes the erection of dams and mills upon water-courses. Under its provision the damages sustained by land owners on account of dams thus authorized are assessed upon a writ of ad quod damnum issued upon the application of the parties erecting the mills. Statutes of this character have been in force in this State since its organization ; in fact a similar law was enacted at the beginning of our territorial existence, and something of the kind has been found upon our statute books ever since. R. S. 1843, chap. 102; Laws of 1839, p. 342: ■ Their constitutionality has never been doubted by this court, while they have been construed and enforced in many instances. This repeated and long continued exercise of legislative authority, with uniform acquiescence on the part of this court, precludes us from denying that the law in question is in harmony with the constitution. Similar statutes have been supported in other States and declared by the higher courts to be within the constitutional limits of legislative power. See authorities cited by Judge Cooley in his work upon Constitutional Limitations, pp. 534, 535. 3_when the writ is available. III. The petition shows that at the time it was filed, plaintiff was engaged in building the mill and had completed the dam. Defendant insists that the wrjt 0f a$ g,Uod damnum is available only before the mill and dam are built; that the party calling to his aid the remedy obtains a license to build on payment of damages and not a judgment of the court legalizing his enterprise after it is completed. The statute authorizes any one who is “ desirous of building a mill * * * * of erecting a dam,” to institute the ad quod darrmum proceeding. Upon the return of the inquisition the court may grant the applicant license to build the dam upon payment of the damages assessed. Without inquiring whether the provisions of [425] the statute apply to a case where the mill and dam hare been built before the writ is sued out, we are of this opinion, that they do apply when the work has been commenced and is unfinished, as in this case. The builder in such a case is within the very words of the statute, for one who is engaged in the work which is yet incomplete may be' described as one “ desirous of building.” The statute contemplates the mill and dam as one enterprise. If the dam be built and the mill is unfinished the enterprise is incomplete and the builder still may be described as one “ desirous of building a mill and dam.” The language of the statute (Rev., § 1269), in regard to the license, gives no force to defendant’s position. The license is but simply the order of the court which is granted upon an adjudication establishing plaintiff’s right to build under the statute. If that right be not established and the dam and mill shall have been built he is liable for all damage sustained by others, and the erection causing it may be abated as a nuisance. 4 dama es IV. The damages assessed are such as accrued after the filing of the petition. Defendant insists that the verdict s^ou^ have been confined to damages thereafter to accrue. In this view we do not concur. It is plain that if the proceeding may be instituted after the work is commenced, damages arising after the filing of the, petition, to say nothing of those accruing before, should be allowed. The very object of the proceeding is to determine the compensation defendant ought to receive on account of injury to his land. Certainly damages arising after the petition is filed ought to be allowed. 5 _m-it not limited. V. The fact that the petition does not show that the mill was designed to grind grain for. toll does not affect plaintiff’s right to maintain this action. The statute authorizes the erection of mills and other machinery, without any limitation as to the ' [426] purpose for wbieb tbey shall be used. Rev., § 1264. We cannot restrict its operation to any kind of mills. 6.-quashing the writ. VI. The first writ issued in the case was, upon motion, quashed by the court. Thereupon another was issued without the notice to defendant required upon the commencement of the proceeding. Upon quashing the first writ it was the duty of the court to award another. Forney & Thayer v. Ralls, & Willet, 30 Iowa, 559. To authorize the second writ notice thereof to defendant was not necessary. It is to be presumed that he had been brought into court upon scire facias as required by section 1268. The order for the second writ was but an incident in the proceedings of which he was required to take notice. Affirmed.