Hawley v. City of Atlantic

Kinne, J. [172] I. "• The petition charges that the death of plaintiff’s intestate was caused by the negligence of the defendant in permitting parties to excavate in one of the public streets of defendant city, and to take therefrom sand, thereby making a hole, the banks of which were nearly perpendicular, and liable to give-way, causing the death of anyone who happened to be in said pit; that the condition of said pit was open and notorious for such a length of time that, in the exercise of ordinary care, defendant and its agents and employees could have known thereof, and have prevented [173] accidents by placing obstructions about said pit, or causing it to be filled; that on November 27, 1890, Frederick J. Hawley, then a small boy, about seven years of age, and living in the vicinity of said pit, while passing along or playing in the public streets of defendant, was tempted and induced by the situation of said excavation to go into the same for the purpose of digging and hauling sand therefrom in play, and while therein, and without fault or negligence on his part, and by reason of the negligence of defendant, the earth caved in, and fell upon him, causing his death. Damages are claimed in the sum of fifteen thousand dollars. The answer denies all of the allegations of the petition. The cause was tried to a jury, who returned a verdict for plaintiff for five hundred dollars. The court submitted to the jury the following, among other, special interrogatories: “Do you find that the deceased left the street and went upon the adjacent premises, and was there killed by the banks of said pit caving upon him?” “Yes.” “Do you find that the accident would have occurred even if the city had at the time and place maintained guard railings or barriers reasonably sufficient for the protection of persons lawfully using the said street?” “Can’t say.” Defendant moved for a judgment on the special findings on the grounds that it was not shown that it was guilty of any negligence; that the jury failed to find that the accident occurred by reason of the want of.barriers or guard rails; that there is no evidence to support the general verdict; that the special findings are opposed to and inconsistent with the general verdict, and show that defendant is not liable. The court overruled the motion, and entered a judgment on the verdict. None of the evidence is set out in the record. II. As counsel rely only upon the interrogatories and answers above set out, we have omitted those from which nothing is claimed. By the answer to the first [174] interrogatory the jury found that the accident did not occur upon the street, but upon premises adjacent thereto. The answer, “Can’t say,” is equivalent to no answer at all. The case of Talty, administrator, against the same defendant, and decided at this term (60 N. W. Rep. 516), arose out of the same accident, and the law applicable to such cases is thus stated therein: “The rule applicable to the city in determining whether its officers were negligent is, was the situation of the sandpit in such close proximity to the street, the conditions of the pit as to its extent and all surroundings, such as to require the authorities of the city, in the exercise of reasonable judgment, to anticipate that children might be allured to the pit from the street, and with shovels and spades excavate holes in the bank to such an extent as to endanger their lives!” It is also held in that case that the question as to whether the pit where the accident occurred was in the street or adjacent to it was not controlling. It follows from the law as established in the Talty case that the finding of the jury that the accident happened outside of the limits of the street does not necessarily affect plaintiff’s right to recover. It depends upon the situation of the pit with reference to the street, its extent, and other circumstances ; and, as we have no evidence in this record, we must assume that the necessary facts were established to warrant the verdict, unless the answer to the other interrogatory shows the contrary. It is claimed that the answer, “Can’t say,” should be taken as showing that the jury failed to find the city negligent, and hence the finding and the general verdict are not consistent. As we have said, the answer is to be treated as if none had been given. It is not necessarily inconsistent with the general verdict. To warrant a judgment upon special findings against a general verdict, the findings must be absolutely inconsistent therewith. Crouch v. Deremore, 59 Iowa, 43, 12 N. W. Rep. 759; O’Donnell [175] v. Hastings, 68 Iowa, 271, 26 N. W. Rep. 433; Mershon v. Insurance Co., 34 Iowa, 87; Lamb v. Society, 20 Iowa, 127; Hardin v. Branner, 25 Iowa, 364; Bills v. City of Ottumwa, 35 Iowa, 107. There was, then, no error in overruling defendant’s motion. Affirmed. JDeemeb, J., took no part.