Dietz v. Capital City Brick & Pipe Co.

KinnevCL J. I. Appellee insists that the evidence in this cause has nevér been made of the record, or in any way been properly preserved, so as to entitle this cause to be heard de novo in this court. It is said that no translation or transcript of the shorthand notes of the evidence taken in the case, and duly certified 'by said reporter, has ever been filed, and therefore we have no evidence before us. The situation, as shown by the transcript, is this: This cause was tried on oral evidence, taken in shorthand by the official reporter; also in part upon documentary evidence and written evidence. June 13, 1894, the trial judge made a proper certificate to the shorthand notes, but said reporter’s notes do not appear to have been certified by him, nor does he certify to what is claimed to be a transcript or extension of said notes into longhand. The notes appear to have been filed in time. What is claimed to be a transcript or translation of said notes into longhand, though not certified to by the reporter, was filed within the time required. The trial judge, within the time required, makes a proper certificate to all of the evidence. The case then presents this question: Can an equity case, triable de novo in this court, be so tried when the official shorthand reporter’s notes have never been certified by him, and when he has never certified to the translation of said notes? Appellant’s contention is that the certificate of the judge is all that is required. The statutes bearing upon the question are as follows: “But in equitable actions, wherein issue of fact is joined, all the evidence offered in the trial shall be taken down in writing or the court may order the evidence, or any part thereof, to be taken in the form 545 of depositions, or either party may, at pleasure, take his testimony, or any part thereof, by deposition. All the evidence so taken shall be certified 'by the judge at any time within the time allowed for the appeal of said cause, and be made a part of the record, and go on appeal to the supreme court, which shall try the case anew.” Code 1873, section 2742. In section 3777 of the Code of 1873, relating to shorthand reporters, it is provided that “the original notes of any testimony taken in any case shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the court, and become a part of the record in said case, * * * and said original notes, or the transcript thereof, or any part thereof, may be referred to in any 'bill of exceptions, and when duly transcribed and certified, shall be inserted therein on appeal. * * *” Under section 2742 of the Code of 1873 it has been held that the shorthand notes do not constitute written evidence. Godfrey v. McKean, 54 Iowa, 127. And we have said that, if such shorthand notes are afterwards transcribed by the shorthand reporter into longhand, and certified to by him, and filed, such transcript will be deemed written evidence; and we adhere to this holding. Ross v. Loomis, 64 Iowa, 432. In Richards v. Lounesbury, 65 Iowa, 587, the judge alone certified the shorthand notes. Neither court, judge, nor reporter certified to the translation of the notes, and it was held that the cause could not be tried de novo in this court. In that case it is said: “Surely, the reporter, who probably alone can correctly read the notes, ought to certify to the translation; and the certificate of the judge, who cannot read them, ought not to be regarded as alone sufficient. * * * It is plain that the certificate of the judge, who cannot read the notes, cannot give them the character of written evidence in the case. Evidence taken in shorthand can only become the written evidence when translated, and the translation is certified 546 to by the reporter.” In Merrill v. Bowe, 69 Iowa, 654, the judge .alone certified to the shorthand notes, which were filed in time. After the lapse of more than six months, the reporter certified to his translation of the notes, which was filed oyer eleven months after the entry of the decree. It was held that the evidence had not been properly certified in time. It will be observed that the facts in the case at bar are different. In this case the reporter never certified to his notes, or to the translation of them; and under the holding of the cases cited the mere certificate of the judge to the notes would not be sufficient, as the notes do not become written evidence until translated, and the translation is certified by the reporter. Now, the statute provides for certification to evidence in equitable actions by the judge, and says when it is so certified it shall, on appeal, go to this court, which shall try the case anew. It seems to us, in such cases, the law makes the trial judge the party who must finally determine what the evidence is in a case tried before him, and that whether the notes and the translation of them be certified by the reporter is quite immaterial, except as such certified notes or translation may aid the judge in determining as to what the evidence offered was. Suppose an equitable cause is tried, as it may be, without the aid of a reporter, manifestly, in such a case, the judge alone certifies to the evidence. Suppose an equitable cause is tried on oral evidence taken by a shorthand reporter, and he transcribes his notes into longhand, and certifies to both the notes and the translation, and a controversy should arise as to whether certain of the evidence thus taken had been correctly taken and translated, who would determine the controversy? Say that in such a case, by a proper proceeding by motion, it was sought to correct the notes and the translation, who would be empowered to say whether or not the correction sought 547 was proper, and should be made? Clearly, in such a case, the trial judge, who heard the evidence, must determine what it in fact w.as. While it is desirable that the reporter should certify to his notes, as well as to the translation of them, to the end that the same may he given whatever force and effect such certificate may add thereto, and lo the end that the judge who tried the case may be thus officially assured that the notes or translation presented 'to him for his certificate are genuine and correct, still no certificate of a shorthand reporter to the notes,' or to the translation, or to both notes and translation, can relieve the judge who tried the case from the duty of finally deciding what the evider C( offered on the trial was, and certifying it as such. He may refresh his recollection from the notes, if he can read them, or from the translation of them, in determining what the evidence offered was; but he is not obliged to certify that the notes, or a transcript of them, as presented to him, in fact correctly set forth the evidence actually offered upon the trial. Being vested by the statute with the authority to certify the evidence, he may use the notes, if he can, and the translation of them, and any other means he may have of determining what evidence was offered upon the trial. Without desiring to pass upon questions not before us, it is proper to say that, in' case the trial judge is in doubt as to the correctness of the shorthand notes, or as to the translation of them, or in case he is satisfied said notes, or the translation of them, or both, are not correct, he should, before certifying to either, notify counsel, so that the record in that respect may be corrected by proper proceedings, if found necessary, before ¡his certificate is made. Some language used in Merrill v. Bowoe and Richards v. Lounsberry, supra, may seem to be in conflict with what we have said, and with our holding in the case at bar. Some of us think, when the 548 facts of these cases are considered, there is no conflict between the rules therein stated and what we have said in this case. Others of us think that there are statements in said cases which are not reconcilable with what we have said in the case at bar. We are united, however, in holding that, as the evidence in this case was certified by the judge, and filed in.time, it is properly before us; and the motion to strike is overruled. II. The appellee has not argued the case upon the merits, but relied upon the claim that the evidence was not made of record. We have held that the evidence is properly before us. We shall not enter into a discussion of the evidence. After carefully considering all of it, we are satisfied that the decree below should be-reversed. The evidence shows that before this defendant, or those acting for it, purchased the property of the Central Company, they insisted that the claim involved in this action should be settled. The claim was then the property of Dietz & Dietz, a firm of which this plaintiff was a member. Plaintiff authorized the other member of the firm to make a settlement of the claim, and to take stock in the new company for it; and this he did, and thus satisfied in full the obligation. The property of the old company was all turned over to the new company. The new company never became in any way liable for this debt. The claim itself, as we have said, was, with plaintiff’s consent, adjusted and settled, and he has neither a legal nor moral right to. recover. The decree below is reversed.