Ottumwa Brick & Construction Co. v. Ainley

WateRMAN, J. The proceedings adopted for the levy <o£ the tax in question are not complained of prior to1 the acceptance of plaintiff’s bid for the work. The resolution ordering this improvement contained the following provision: 1 “That all work shall be let upon contract, which shall obligate the contractors to accept such .certificates, whether indorsed or not, in full compensation for the work and labor of all such improvements except as to the intersections of streets, highways, avenues, and spaces opposite alleys or improvements in front, of city property and all property not subject to special assessment.” The advertisement for bids provided for like terms. In response to the proposals, but one bid was made, — that of plaintiff, — and to. this was attached the following condition: “The condition of this bid is that the city of Ottumwa shall guaranty to. the. Ottumwa Brick and Construction Company the" payment of the certificate to be issued against the property on the west side of the street for the distance of three hundred feet south of the south end of the wagon bridge.” This bid was accepted, and a contract in accordance therewith, binding the city to' guaranty the certificate specified, was duly entered into, and the work claimed for was done thereunder. The three hundred foot strip of ground for which this guaranty was given is lowland next the Des Albines river, subject to. overflow in ordinary high water, and was of little or no value. The appellants contend, in the first place, that the making of this contract involved an excess of power on the part of thebity. The reasons given for this claim are as follows: “It exceeded its power, because no. notice was given, or advertisement made, that the city council would accept bids conditioned as appellee’s bid was conditioned. It exceeded its power, because there was no chance given for competitive bidding for1 a contract such as was entered into by the city with the appel-lee. It exceeded its power, because the resolution ordering the work provided expressly that bids should be received — 389 — for making the improvement, the contractors to look exclusively to tbe assessment certificates and intersection tax for their pay; and under the provisions of Ordinance 407 the advertisement, for bids was required so to state, and in fact did so state in this case, and yet the city accepted a bid by the terms of which it guarantied the payment of the certificate to be issued for three hundred feet of paving on the west side of said street from the south end of the bridge, without a new advertisement for bids so conditioned. It exceeded its power, because the acceptance of a bid so at variance with the advertisement as this one was, violated the object, spirit, and intent of the statute and ordinance in relation to advertisement for bids and competitive bidding. It exceeded its power, because the contract made was in direct conflict, with the ordinance and resolution and the advertisement for bids under which the improvement was authorized, in this: that tlie city, in such ordinance, resolution, and advertisement, expressly says that the contractors must look alone to the assessment certificates and intersection tax for their pay, and that in no' event will the city incur any liability; and then, without further notice, enters into a contract guarantying the payment of a.t least one thousand one hundred and eighty-eight dollars worth of paving along said street where there is no land above ordinary high-water mark against which an asessment can be levied, in direct violation of such resolution, ordinance, and advertisement, without requiring new bids, and by reason of the suspicion- — to say the least of it-^-that there is a private understanding that such a bid would be accepted. It exceeded its power, because the making of such contract, under the circumstances disclosed in this case, is a legal fraud upon the abutting property owners. The city will not be allowed to provide one mode of procedure by its ordinances and resolutions, and then contract for another and directly different 2 thing.” It seems to be admitted that the land in question is below ordinary high-water mark. This being true, the title thereto is in the state. Steele — 390 — v. Sanchez, 72 Iowa, 65, and oases oiled. In snob a case ,tb© city would lack power to impress tbe property with an assessment of this character. Polk County Savings Bank v. State, 69 Iowa, 24. It is held, further, in this last case, that the city is responsible for the cost of such work when, for any reason, a valid assessment cannot be made. See, also Bucroft v. City of Council Bluffs, 63 Iowa, 646, It therefore appears that, in the absence of any express provision in the contract, the city would have been liable as upon an implied guaranty for the cost of the improvement in front of this property. It will be noticed that the resolution ordering the paving expressly states that the contractor shall not be required to accept certificates for street intersections, or for the improvement in front of property not subject to special assessments. This provision as to terms of payment, as carried into' the advertisement for bids, omits the clause relating to property not liable for special tax. But0 'the law necessarily implies this exception. The guaranty in the contract, if but expressive of a liability that would have existed in its absence, could not affect the legality of the instrument. II. But we need not rest our holding wholly upon this ground. It is clear that the tract of land in question was so nearly valueless that a lien upon it would have been 3 of no practical worth. Without the city’s guaranty, the cost of paving in front of this property would have had to be apportioned against the other real estate abutting on the improvement; that is, the cost to1 the other property owners would have been increased by the amount necessary to1 make the improvement in front of this tract. There is nothing in the law to' prevent a city, whose finances will admit of so doing, from paving for improvements like that in question out of the general fund. If it can lawfully pay for a whole, it can for a part. We grant that, if other bids had been made upon the work in accordance with the proposals, — that is, free from the condition objected — 391 — to, — there would be serious question, under the phase of the case we are now discussing, whether the municipality could have lawfully accepted plaintiff’s bid. But there is no question here of stifling competition. Competitive bids were sought in a proper manner, and upon proper terms. No bid save that of plaintiff was received. The fact that the city, in order to hold this bid, guarantied an amount which it had a right to pay, should not have the effect to annul the whole proceeding. This is especially true where the guaranty is in the interest of the abutting owners. This position, we think, has some support in Osburn v. City of Lyons, 104 Iowa, 164, and cases cited therein. III. Furthermore, we may say that the matter set up is not jurisdictional; it is an irregularity, which may be disregarded, under sections 478, 479, Code 1873, which 4 were in force when the action at bar was instituted. City of Burlington v. Quick, 47 Iowa, 227. The present action, we think, should be regarded as governed by these sections. Tuttle v. Polk, 92 Iowa, 433. IV. The defendant Carrie M. IVIetzgar sets up, as a Special defense, that her property does not abut upon the street which was improved. The facts as to this claim are these: Church street (the one in question) was originally laid out with a bend or curve in it opposite this defendant’s land. In January, 1891, the lines of the street were straightened by ordinance in such a manner as to leave something more than ten feet of ground between the new street line •and her lot line. Sections 4 and 5 of this ordinance are ;as follows: “See. 4. Said city of Otumwa hereby gives, grants, bargains, and conveys to the respective owners of lots in Bobert Bellows’ addition fronting on Church street, shown as Green street on the original plat of said addition, all those portions of said Church street which are vacated by section two of this ordinance, the respective owners of said lots to take simply such portions of said vacated portions — 392 — of Church street as lie between their respective lots and-Church street as re-established by section one of this ordinance ; the same to become a portion of said respective lots,, and to- be divided by a continuation of the lines of said-lots to Church -street as re-established by this ordinance,- and to be hereafter known as a part of said lots, respectively,, and the title of the same to pass by conveyance of said-respective lots by numbers. “Sec. 5. That the mayor of the city of Ottumwa is hereby authorized and empowered in the name of said city to execute deeds to said respective owners of lots in Robert Fellows’ addition conveying to said owners 'all right, title, and interest of the city of -Ottumwa in the- vacated portions of said Church street lying between their respective lots in said addition and said Church street as relocated by section one. of this ordinance.” After the adoption of this ordinance, the fence on defendant’s property along the old street line was moved out to the new line fixed, and the strip of ground so vacated was inclosed in her lot, and has remained so since. We are of the opinion that the grant contained in section 4, together with the possession taken by defendant, operated to vest in her the equitable title to the land in question. Dempsey v. City of Burlington, 66 Iowa, 687; City of Marshalltown, v. Forney, 61 Iowa, 578. Such ownership-would make the real estate assessable- for purposes of this character. City of Muscatine v. Chicago, R. I. & P. Ry. Co., 79 Iowa, 645. There is some claim that the fence was moved out without the owner’s consent, and for a temporary purpose only; but it has been permitted to so remain ever since it was erected, and it seems reasonably clear that the intention was to take and hold the ground under the ordinance. Y. After this appeal was taken, an amendment to the answer of defendants was filed in this court. Appellee moves, to strike this pleading from the- files, and this motion must — 393 — be sustained. The case must be- beard here upon the issues1. 6 tried below, and no other. Dormoy v. Knower, 55 Iowa, 722; Bicklin v. Kendall, 72 Iowa, 490. The-claim is made that the pleading in question presents-an issue of law only. If it raises no new issue of fact, it is immaterial, and for that reason should be stricken. The> question presented is quite different- from that raised by an amendment "to the assignment of errors. We have considered all the questions raised in argument, and our conclusion is that the decree of the district, court should be affirmed.