Travis v. Hunter

Robinson, C. J. On the 14th day of February, 1898, the plaintiff was found guilty of larceny, and adjudged to be imprisoned in the state penitentiary at Anamosa for the term of four years. An appeal from that judgment was taken. It was( reversed. The plaintiff was again tried, and found guilty, and adjudged to be imprisoned in the same penitentiary for the period of nine months. He was imprisoned under the first judgment from the 14th day of February, 1898, to the 16th day of December of the same year. He contends that the period of his first imprisonment should have been, but was not, deducted from the term fixed by the second judgment; that he is now entitled to have the deduction made, and to be released from further imprisonment. Section 5468 of the Code is as follows: “If a defendant imprisoned dhring the pendency of an appeal, upon a new trial ordered by the supreme court is again convicted, the period of his former imprisonment shall be 604 deducted from tbe period of imprisonment to be fixed on the last verdict of 'conviction.” The judgment rendered on the second conviction was as follows: “Now, to wit, February 18, 1899, this cause comes on for judgment and sentence of the court, and the defendant, being in court, is informed of the nature of the indictment against him in this case, and the nature of his plea thereto’, and of his conviction of the crime charged in said indictment, and is asked if he has anything to say in reason why sentence and judgment should not be pronounced against him. It is therefore the order and judgment and sentence of the court that the defendant, Ed Travis, be confined in the penitentiary at Anamosa, Jones county, state of Iowa, for the “period of nine months, at hard labor, and pay costs, of pms-cution, 1 taxed at-- dollars.” The records of the court do not show affirmatively that any deduction was made on account of the term of imprisonment which Travis had already served, and the plaintiff contends that the conclusion to be drawn from the record is that a deduction was not made, and that parol evidence to show that it was would be in conflict with the record, and there' fore incompetent. The statute required the deduction to be made, but did not prescribe what record, if any, should be made of it. In the case of State v. Hopkins, 67 Iowa, 285, it appeared that the defendant had been twice convicted of larceny; the judgment rendered on the first conviction having been reversed on appeal after he had served more than fifteen months in the penitentiary. The term of his imprisonment was fixed by each judgment at two years, and he insisted, on the second appeal, that the district court erred in not deducting the term he had served under the first judgment from the time fixed in the second judgment. But this court held that the district court was not required to fix the same term of imprisonment in the second that it did in the first judgment, and that it would be presumed, 605 in. tbe absence of a showing to tbe contrary, that tbe deduction was made. It is suggested that all of tbe record in that case was not before tbe court, and that its conclusion was based on that fact, but there is no intimation in tbe opinion that such was tbe case. It was based on tbe rule that, as it was tbe duty of tbe district court to make tbe deduction, it would be presumed to have discharged that duty, until it should be shown affirmatively that it bad not 2 done so. It is said, however, that tbe case was based upon section 4545 of tbe Code of 1873, which contained the words “shall be deducted by tbe district court,” and that, as tbe words “by tbe district court are omitted from section 5468 of tbe Code, it is tbe purpose of tbe statute to have tbe deduction made by thq warden of tbe penitentiary, if not made by the court. We do not think this is a permissible theory. The deduction is to be made from tbe period of imprisonment “to be fixed” on the last verdict of conviction,, and it must necessarily be made by tbe court. Tbe period specified in tbe judgment is to be what remains after tbe deduction is made from that which tbe court finds to be tbe proper term of imprisonment. Tbe legal effect of section 5468 of tbe Code is tbe same as section 4545 of tbe Code of 1873. It follows that tbe case of State v. Hopkins, supra, is in point. Tbe plaintiff did not offer any evidence to show that tbe required deduction had not been made. Tbe state submitted tbe testimony of tbe trial judge to tbe effect that tbe term of tbe first imprisonment was considered when tbe second judgment was rendered, and of that tbe plaintiff complains. We need not determine whether such evidence was competent; for, if it was not, it could not have been prejudicial. Following tbe case of State v. Hopkins, tbe judgment of tbe superior court is abbirmed.