City of Eldora v. Edgington

Deemer, J. This is not an unusual controversy between a city and a property owner over the proper location of a line between a street and abutting property. Defendant Edgington was the owner of a tract of land adjoining the original town plat of the city of Eldora. Through this original plat, and as a part - thereof, was Washington [153] street, running north and south through the town. Before defendant platted his land, which adjoined the original town site, there was a public highway known as the “ Clarkesville and Des Moines State Bead,” which had been established in the year 1858 on the section line between sections seven and eight, which was the eastern boundary of defendant’s property, 66 feet wide', 33 feet on either side of said line, which was approximately an extension of Washington street northward. In the year 18Y0 defendant platted the N. E. one-quarter of the N. E. one-quarter of section seven as Edgington’s addition to the town of Eldora, and in this plat he treated the public highway as an extension of Washington street, so denominating it on his plat, and declared in this plat that it was sixty-six feet wide, thirty-three' feet on either side of the section line. This plat was duly filed for record, and since that time the street so shown has been treated and used as a public street and highway, just as it had theretofore been used as a highway. Defendant now owns a strip of ground abutting on said street for a distance of three hundred and fifty-five feet north and south, and it is claimed by the city that he is in possession of, and is using, a strip six and seventy-five hundredths feet along this entire distance, which properly belongs in the street, and that he has his fence set out into the street and has otherwise obstructed the same. Defendant denies that he is using any part of the street, and claims that his occupancy and his fence are up to and on the true line. lm put«fbound-s" ary, evi ence. In such cases as this, the first inquiry is, Where is the true line? For, if plaintiff has not established that the street line is where it claims it to be, there is nothing more to consider. There is a dispute in the abstracts as to the record, and we have gone to transcript f0r the facts. The dispute is primarily over the' true boundary line between defendant’s property and the street. „ It appears without dispute that [154] for more than forty years defendant has occupied and used the property down to, and maintained a fence upon, the line now claimed by him. At an early day he had a survey made by a county surveyor to determine his line, who . found it to be where the fence now is, and his plat was made with reference to this survey. Until comparatively recent years, all owners of property in the addition have treated the west line of Washington street, through said addition, as being where defendant’s fence now is. More than thirty years ago defendant put out trees upon the property in dispute, and some of them, now large in size, still stand. He constructed a board sidewalk just outside the line marked by the fence at the request of the city, and maintained it until a few years ago, when it was torn out and cinders substituted. While for' many years there has been a dispute as to the line, no affirmative action was taken by the city, save to direct the removal of some barbed wire from the fence, until the commencement of this action. The difference between the parties has been due to the true location of the original government comer at the northeast of section seven. No vestige of the original pit, mound, or stake remains. Defendant, however, says that, when the county surveyor made the survey for him, other government monuments were found, and that the line between his property and the street was fixed with reference thereto. For all this time, while there may have been some dispute or division as to the true line since the year 1878, defendant has insisted that his fence marked the true one, and he has refused to concede the somewhat indefinite claims made by the city and its officials. As said in Mt. Vernon v. Young, 124 Iowa, 523, while mere lapse of time or failure to assert a public right will not of itself estop a city from asserting the existence of a street or street line, it does afford good ground for insisting that, before dispossessing a citizen of property ■ over which he has long been exercising ownership, the public right thereto shall be established by evidence of a clear and [155] unequivocal character. Moreover, it is universally held that a city may abandon a part of its street, or by nonuser forfeit its right thereto, and it may be foreclosed by agreement or acquiescence as to the true line. Weber v. Iowa City, 119 Iowa, 638; Corey v. Ft. Dodge, 118 Iowa, 747. To rebut the showing made by defendant as to the true line, plaintiff introduced a surveyor, who attempted to establish the line now claimed by it as the true one. This surveyor accepted as correct a stone found at the northeast corner of section seven. This was not a government monument, but was pointed out to him by parties living in the vicinity as the true comer. None of these parties ever saw the original corner, and their testimony amounted to no more than a showing of recognition thereof by certain persons, not including defendant, for many years, as being the true one. The surveyor in no manner verified this comer by going to other known corners or fixed monuments. According to his survey thus made, he fixed the line between defendant’s lot and the street at the place where plaintiff claims it to be. The trial court evidently did not regard this survey as sufficient to overcome defendant’s showing as to the true corner, and the acquiescence by the parties in interest therein. It had the advantage of having this surveyor before it, and we are not prepared to say that its conclusion as to the trae line is not correct 2. Same: ence‘ . While not holding that the statute of limitations applies to a city so as to prevent its exercise of governmental functions, or that one may' acquire title to streets or high- or ariy Pai’t thereof by adverse possession, the doctrine of acquiescence in a certain line as being the true one seems to apply to both city and county. That is to say, iri the absence of some testimony showing mistake or failure of intent to claim to a line recognized for nearly forty years as being the true one,' acquiescence or agreement is to be treated as evidence of .the location of [156] the true line, of more or less weight, depending, of course, upon the circumstances of each particular case. Defendant purchased his property about the year 1864, and either found the fence where it now is, or soon placed one there. He had the property surveyed, and found that according to that survey he was on the true line. He has ever since maintained this fence, and used and occupied the property inside thereof as his own. The county authorities never made any objection to this line, but apparently acquiesced therein so long as they had any jurisdiction over the matter. When defendant made his plat, he did so with reference to the survey theretofore made for him, and with reference to the line which he now claims to be the true one. Plaintiff made no sort of objection to this line until the year 1818. Since that it has made occasional protest against the fence, and has infrequently suggested that it was not upon the line. For more than twelve years both city and county acquiesced in the line claimed by the defendant. The highway and street were in public use all this time the public claiming, asserting, and exercising rights therein, but never disputing the boundary line as established by defendant. In view of these facts, we are inclined to agree with the trial court in its conclusion that plaintiff has not made that clear and satisfactory showing necessary to deprive defendant of the property in controversy. The resurvey made by plaintiff’s witness should not, on account of the manner in which it was made, be accepted as a verity. The building of the fence and the planting of the trees should not, and. will not of themselves, estop plaintiff from the exercise of its municipal functions as an instrumentality of government, for it cannot be concluded in that manner. But these acts should and will be considered as bearing upon the true location of the line. We find no reason for disturbing the decree of the trial court, and it is affirmed.