Clapp v. Adams

Deemer, J. Plaintiff is claiming that the two notes sued upon, signed by E. D. and Annie J. Adams and E. D. Adams and M. E. Johnston, represent debts of the firm of Clapp & Adams, and that he should have a lien to the amount thereof upon the partnership assets prior and superior to the lien created by a chattel mortgage, made by E. D. Adams, a member of the firm, to A. N. Hemingway upon the said Adams’ interest in the personal property of the firm. The facts as found by the referee which are not challenged and must be accepted as correct upon this appeal, are as follows: Plaintiff was the owner of a farm in Washington County upon which there was live stock and farm machinery, and E. D. Adams was desirous of occupying said farm, and • of forming a partnership for the operation thereof. As a result he and plaintiff entered into a written contract of partnership, [699] wherein defendant Adams agreed to buy an one-half interest in the stock and machinery then on the farm at the agreed price of $2,754.00 for said one-half interest, and to pay for the same in cash, or to give a bankable note drawing six percent interest. Pursuant thereto two notes were made, one for $1,500, signed by E. D. Adams and M. E. Johnston, and the other for $1,254, signed by E. D. Adams and Annie J. Adams. ' The articles of co-partnership also provided: It is agreed and understood' that all of the running expenses of farming said premises, exclusive of permanent fixtures and labor as above set forth, shall be borne equally by each party of this agreement, and such running expense to include the purchase of stock and farm machinery and the like expenditures. It is agreed and understood that each party shall own an undivided one-half interest in all stock, crops or farm machinery now upon said premises or that may hereafter be produced or purchased, provided, however, that'the two sorrel mares, Victoria and Ileula, owned by first party, shall not be included herein. All profits made by this copartnership shall be divided share and share alike. Either of the parties hereto shall have the right to sell any stock or grain on said premises, but shall be held accountable to said copartnership for any sum received from such sale. This agreement shall be in force and effect for five years from October 1, 1900, provided, however, that the same may be canceled by mutual agreement, and pnmded further, that the death of either party shall terminate and end this agreement. It also appears, although this evidence Avas introduced by defendants, that defendant E. D. Adams gave a chattel mortgage to plaintiff on. March 18, 1901, covering seventytAvo head of cattle, ninety-five head of hogs, and thirty-three head of horses, to secure the note above referred to. This mortgage does not seem to have been recorded. Plaintiff for some reason makes no claim under this mortgage, but defendant pleads it as evidence of plaintiff’s waiver [700] of any partnership lien he may have had. On February 24, 1905, E. D. Adams gave a chattel mortgage to defendant Hemingway to secure a note of even date therewith of his interest in all the property upon the farm, covered by a long description not necessary to be set out, the crops for the year 1905, and all increase of live stock. This mortgage provided that it shall be “subject to any rights which the said E. F. Clapp [plaintiff] may have.” This mortgage was duly recorded in Washington County. In February of the year 1905 plaintiff pressed Adams for additional security for the notes, and H. E. Johnston, one of the signers of the notes, placed with him two promissory notes amounting to $1,000 as collateral for the $1,500 note. Plaintiff and Adams had annual settlements of their partnership affairs down to, and including, the year 1905, and as a result indorsements were made upon the two notes given by Adams, which appear thereon, but which the referee found were erroneous in some particulars not necessary to be noticed at this time. The amount found due on the $1,500 note was $1,720.31, and on the other one $561.45. At the time of the termination of the partnership, and for the purpose of winding it up, a public sale of all the property was held, and as Hemingway, J. M. Adams, and M. E. Johnston claimed to be creditors of E. D. Adams, and had liens upon the property it was agreed, by and between said plaintiff E. F. Clapp and the defendants named, that two trustees should be appointed to receive from the hands of the clerk of said sale all moneys, notes, and bills received as a result of said sale, the same to be held by said trustees to await the determination as to who had the prior claim to the said property, and thereupon D. A. Hunger and Henry Negus were selected as such trustees, and said sale was conducted accordingly, and there were turned over to the said trustees from the clerk of said sale, notes to the amount of $785.25 and cash in [701] the amount of $231.49, or a total of $1,016.74. It was also found that, by reason of receipts by plaintiff from the proceeds of the sale, he should be charged with the sum of $2,358.50 as partnership property. It was found that the total assets for division was $3,387.12 of which Adams was entitled to $1,681.76, and the total amount found to be due on the two Adams’ notes was $2,231.70. The referee also found: “The testimony does not show an agreement upon the part of plaintiff, E. E. Clapp, to allow the defendant E. D. Adams to mortgage his interest in said partnership to outside parties, as claimed in the pleadings, but shows that plaintiff did not object so long as such mortgages did not interfere with his rights. On the 24th day of February, 1905, the defendant E. D. Adams executed a chattel, mortgage to A. N. Ilemingwav, one of the defendants herein, as set out in the pleadings, covering his undivided one-half interest in all of the property of said copartnership, subject to any rights that the said E. E. Clapp might have herein, and on the 24th day of February, 1905, the defendant, E. D. Adams, executed another chattel mortgage to M. • E. Johnston and J. M. Adams upon the same property 'as set out in the pleadings, subject to all the rights of the said E.. E. Clapp and A. N. Hemingway.” As a conclusion of law the referee found that plaintiff, Clapp, had a partnership lien, to the extent of the amount due upon the notes, upon the amount found due Adams from the proceeds of the property; that plaintiff did not waive his lien by taking the mortgage, the two notes with sureties thereon, or the collateral security, and that the chattel mortgages of Hemingway and the other defendants were junior and inferior to plaintiff’s so-called partner’s lien. These conclusions were approved by the district court, and judgment was ordered accordingly. Hemingway alone appeals. [702] 1. Partnership:individual debts: liability of firm property: liens [701] It will be observed that Adams alone purchased an one-half interest in property owned by Clapp for the pur [702] pose of forming the partnership, and that he gave his notes for the purchase price, each secured by the x x 3 % “ addition of another name. This was in no sense a partnership debt, for the partnership had not then been formed. It was the debt of Adams alone, and the notes were taken according to the partnership agreement in payment of the amount agreed upon. They did not represent an indebtedness of the firm, and never became a firm debt. They were never treated as such by the parties at. any time, and there is no reason why they should be so treated now. See Evans v. Hawley, 35 Iowa, 83; Bright v. Carter, 117 Wis. 631 (94 N. W. 645); Bates v. Lane, 62 Mich. 132 (28 N. W. 753); Uhler v. Semple, 20 N. J. Eq. 288; Bull v. Coe, 77 Cal. 54 (18 Pac. 808, 11 Am. St. Rep. 235); Peterson v. Roach, 32 Ohio St. 374 (30 Am. Rep. 607); Currier v. Webster, 45 N. H. 226. 2. Same waiver of lien. Moreover plaintiff did not see fit to rely upon any so-called partnership lien for the reason that he took the individual notes of Adams signed by acceptable sureties, afterwards took a mortgage upon which he does not rely, but which is admissible for the purpose of showing waiver, and also demanded and accepted collateral security for the $1,500 from one of the sureties, which he still holds. This manifestly constituted a waiver of his lien upon the partnership property, if he ever had any such lien. Johnston & Son v. Robuck, 104 Iowa, 523; Smith v. Smith, 87 Iowa, 93; Valley Nat. Bank v. Jackaway, 80 Iowa, 512. 3. Mortgage of partnership property: individual debts: liability of firm property. As he does not rely upon the chattel mortgage, he, of course,.can have no relief bottomed théreon. Hemingway’s rights under his mortgage upon Adams’ interest in the property is subject to the payment of all legitimate partnership liens, and to the payment of all partnership debts. He obtained nothing through his [703] mortgage save Adams’ interest after all partnership debts and liens were paid and satisfied; but, to whatever was left after that was done, Hemingway was entitled under his mortgage. Thompson v. Spittle, 102 Mass. 207; Sloan v. Wilson, 117 Ala. 583 (23 South. 145); Nicol v. Stewart, 36 Ark. 612; Clements v. Jessup, 36 N. J. Eq. 569; Deeter v. Sellers, 102 Ind. 458 (1 N. E. 854). Trqe, Hemingway’s mortgage was subject to any rights that Clapp may have had in the chattels mortgaged. But this did not mean a general claim or personal debt owing him by Adams and the sureties on the notes. He had no right in or to the property mortgaged because Adams was individually owing him upon notes given as-the purchase price of the half interest sold to Adams. If he had. a lien upon the property, the case would be quite different; but, as we have seen, he never had any such lien, and if he had, he waived it long before the sale of the property. The case is not one where a partner advances all the capital for the firm, depending upon receiving it back upon final' settlement, as were those relied upon by appellee’s counsel, but one where the plaintiff sold a half interest in thé property to his proposed partner, taking in payment the proposed partner’s notes. Eor some reason Clapp did not care to rely upon his mortgage lien, or upon the security given him, at the time of winding up the affairs of the copartnership. He did not treat his over advancement, if such it may be called, as a partnership debt, but took the individual promise of the proposed member to pay for the amount sold him, no matter what the result of the partnership venture. Appellee’s counsel fails to see this distinction, which to our minds is the controlling feature of the case. The decree of the court below is erroneous, and it must be reversed, and the cause remanded for one in harmony with this opinion. — Reversed and remanded.