Walker v. Coulter

Opinion of the court by JUDGE DURELILE Affirming. The facts appearing in this case are as follows: Walker, [816] in liis petition as amended, alleges that he was porter of the senate of Kentucky in 189(1, and performed such duties as were required of him; that such duties -were necessary,' and properly rendered at a time of great political excitement, when the work needful to keep the chambers clear and make fires therein could not be done by the usual force of employes; that the work ivas temporary, not usually necessary at the stated sessions of the Señale, and the expense was a contingent expense, payable out of the treasury; that he worked for 71 days on behalf of and at the instance tf the Senate, and is entitled to $177.50. The prayer was for a mandamus to compel the auditor to draw" a warrant on the treasurer for that sum, The court sustained a demurrer to the petition as amended. He filed with his petition a joint resolution authorizing him and three other porters each to draw from the treasury $2.50 per day for their services as such, to be certified by the clerks of the respective bodies to the auditor before payment. This resolution! howrever, appears on its face never to have passed in the house. He filed, also, a certificate,, as follow's: Senate. “Frankfort, Ky., March 17, 189G. “Hon. James Walker, porter of the Senate, is entitled to the following pay For per diem 71 days at $2.50.................... $177 50 For mileage--miles...................... $177 50 “Approved as a contingent expense of the Senate under section 342 of the Kentucky Statutes. “Attest: WM. CROMWELL, “Chief Clerk of the Kentucky State Senate.” The resolution was a joint resolution attempting to appropriate money, which never passed the house. • Section .249 of the Constitution provides: “. . . The senate shall not elect, appoint, employ or pay for, exceed [817] Ing one chief clerk, one assistant clerk, one enrolling clerk, one sergeant at-arms, one door-keeper, one janitor, one cloakroom keeper, and three pages; and the General Assembly shall provide, by general law, for fixing the per diem .or salary of all said employes.” The object of this provision was to prevent the- creation of a number of small offices to be filled by the Senate and the consequent electioneering and loss of time of the Senate in filling them, and to provide offices to be filled by responsible men, to whom the General Assembly might allow a conipensation sufficient to permit the employment of ample assistants. The contention of appellant is that section 842, Kentucky. Statutes, authorizes the payment of the claim in controversy, upon the certificate of the clerk of the Senate, upon the authority of the opinion of this court in McDonald v. Norman, 95 Ky., 593 (16 R., 137) 26 S. W., 808. Section 342, referred to, provides how the pay and mileage of the lieutenant governor, president pro tern, of the Senate, speaker of the house and members of both houses, and the compensation of the officers of the houses, shall be made, and that “all other contingent expenses of the General Assembly (shall be made! apon the production of the vouchers countersigned by the clerks of the respective houses.” Tn the McDonald case, it appeared that the House of Representatives directed the clerk, at the session of 1891-93, to employ some one to do such copying and engrossing as he and his assistants could not do. McDonald was employed, and performed service for which he claimed $1,149.50. The house passed a resolution directing the auditor to draw a warrant under what is now section 342, Kentucky Statutes. The court held that the claim was a part of the contingent expense account of the House of Representatives; and it was [818] further held that section 342 was an appropriation of money for contingent expenses, and therefore that the payment of the McDonald claim was not in violation of section 230 of the Constitution, providing that “no money shall be drawn from the State treasury, except in pursuance1 of appropriations made by law,” and was not in violation of section 08, forbidding the auditing of any private claim l>y the General Assembly, because this claim was a contingent claim of the house. Section 2-19, which forbids the Senate to elect, appoint, employ or pay for exceeding one janitor., was neither cited, referred to, nor considered in the McDonald case. That case can, therefore, not he considered authority upon the construction of this clause of the Constitution, and in the light of this clause was incorrectly decided, and would doubtless not have been so decided had the intention of the court been called to the constitutional provision. But McDonald’s, work was done before August. 1.2, 1892, which was the date of the house resolution directing the auditor to issue his warrant in payment for the work. On June 11, 1893, a statute was enacted directly applicable to this case. This statute, it will be observed, was enacted subsequent to the time ih:y( McDonald’s claim became due, if it ever became due. It is to be found in sections 1988-1992, Kentucky Statutes. Section 1988 provides: “At the' beginning of each regular session of the General Assembly, each house thereof shall elect one chief clerk, one assistant clerk, one enrolling clerk, one sergeant-at-arms, one door-keeper and one janitor. . . .” Section 1989 provides: “In addition to such other duties as may be prescribed by each house, it shail be the dirty ... of the janitor to keep the halls and ante-rooms swept and in order, to light the hall and mate fires when necessary; to provide water for drinking and toilet purposes, and to perform the duties [819] of cloak-room keeper in his absence . . .” Section 1990 provides for the attendance of each of said employes on the daily sessions of the house in which he is employed. Section 1991 provides: “All of said employes shall receive a per diem, which shall be in full of all services rendered by them, and it shall be as follows: . . . That of the janitor, four dollars. . . .” Section 1992 provides: “No other employes shall be elected, appointed, employed or paid for, without the joint action of the two houses.” This is decisive of the question before us, even if we treat section 219 of the Constitution as inapplicable because of the decision of this court in the McDonald case, in which its existence was not referred to. This is an express statute passed subsequent to the allowance of the claim therein considered, which forbids exactly the thing here sought to be done. The judgment is affirmed. Former opinion withdrawn. Whole court sitting. Chief Justice Guffy and Judge Paynter dissent. Petition for rehearing by appellant overruled.