State ex rel. Mutual Building & Homestead Ass'n v. Judges of the Court of Appeal

The opinion of the court was delivered by Breáux, J.. Eelator seeks to compel the Court of Appeal to exercise jurisdiction and review a judgment rendered by the District Court fixing the fee of the attorney appointed by the court to represent the absent-defendant.- • ■ " ’ The facts are: Suit 'was instituted in the- District Court to foreclose a mortgage claim 'for twenty-four hundred dollars. The mórtgágeé in that' suit is. the'relator herb.' He bought the property at sheriff’s salb. Thereafter,' at the' instance of the attórney for the absent defendant; a rule was issued upon 'the MiituaT Building and Homestead Association (relator here) to show cause why a fee should not be taxed in his. favor as costa. The'District Court'heárd ihbparties’upori. the trial of'this rule, and rendered 'judgment ’for the attorney in the sum of fifty dollars, and taxed, the ainouñt as costs'of foe suit. ' Erom this judgment, the Mutual Build; ing and Homestead Association appealed to the Court of Appeal. .The Court of Appeal, after hearing, dismissed the appeal for want of jurisdiction rations mate'rláe. [242] Relator’s contention is that the Court of Appeal is vested with jurisdiction of the appeal, and that that court should have determined the case upon the merits. To sustain its position, and to have the appeal reinstated, it is incumbent upon the relator, we think, to make it appear evident that the matter of taxation of the fee in question is an incident of the main suit, an action for an amount which cannot be divided from the principal action. The decisions, as we read them, do not sustain relator’s contention, at any rate not after the order of seizure and sale, as in the case before us, has been executed. In one of the decisions of this court a curator ad hoc appointed to represent the third possessor of the mortgaged property obtained a rule to show cause why a sum, under the lower limit of the Supreme Court’s jurisdiction, should not be allowed as a fee for h;s services. The court, on appeal, held that the fixing of this amount is not an incident to the main demand, and is not by that reason, within its jurisdiction. “Though arising out of the original action, the demand in the rule is entirely distinct from it, and being less than $300 is not appealable.” State vs. Judge, 4 Rob. 85. In the decision just cited, all the points at issue here were specifically considered. The court held that one against whom judgment had been rendered cannot appeal if he has acquiesced in the judgment by executing it voluntarily; and that there was no object in controversy upon which the court’s interference could be exercised; that one cannot complain of a judgment in which he has acquiesced and from the execution of which he has derived all the benefit to the full extent of his demand, and that the original controversy was put at an end by the foreclosure. The court, in the decision in question, also considered the rule invoked by the relator, that costs must follow the judgment; and that these costs should be considered as part of the original judgment subject .to appeal. This court in the cited decision, supra, agrees with that proposition before what it terms the execution of the judgment, but not afterwards, when the question of costs of a curator ad hoc comes up, in effect, as an independent issue after execution. Our learned brothers of the Court of Appeal also cite the decision of Johnson vs. Popovich, Louque’s Digest, p. 14, No. 11, and Fitle vs. Duncan, 39 Ann. 86, and Succession of Dougart, 42 Ann. 516. We think that they are determinative of the point here involved. See, further, relative to acquiescence in part in the judgment rendered, and its effect on the appeal, Succession of Trouilly, 52 Ann. 276. [243] The relator further contends: If the Civil District Court had jurisdiction to tax costs, the Court of Appeal had jurisdiction over the appeal, and in support of this position cites from the Constitution as follows: “When the matter in dispute, or the fund to be distributed, shall exceed one hundred dollars, the Court of Appeal has jurisdiction; and the District Court has original jurisdiction where the amount in dispute or the fund to be distributed exceeds one hundred dollars.” Taking this for a basis, relator’s contention is that where the Civil District Court has jurisdiction, an appeal will necessarily lie to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeal, since, says the relator, the lowest limit of the jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal is established in language identical with that which fixes the lower limit of the jurisdiction of the Civil District Court. The language, although identical, does not give appellate jurisdiction in the face of the article fixing the lower limit at one hundred dollars. We are not to infér that it was the purpose and intent to secure a right of appeal without words expressly conferring that right. The Constitution negatives this right by expressly fixing the lower limit at the amount before stated. True, the District Court has jurisdiction because that court ex necessitate rei could see to the execution of its own judgments and the proper distribution of a fund in the sheriff’s hands. But if, as the issues develop themselves in that court, they, in the end, involve an amount less than the lower limit of the jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal, the judgment regarding this amount would not be appealable. For reasons assigned, the rule nisi is recalled and annulled, and relator’s demand is denied and dismissed.