Bassett v. School Directors of the Second District

Rost, J.* On the 6th day of November, 1850, the plaintiff obtained a verdict and judgment against the School Directors of the Second School District of the parish of Avoyelles, for the sum of twm hundred and seventy-five dollars, with five per cent, interest, from the 22d of May, 1849, and costs, that being the amount of a contract made with the plaintiff, as undertaker for a school house located within the district, and accepted by them. On the 24th of December, 1850, a fi. fa. issued and was returned nulla tona, and the Sheriff, to whom said writ was issued, states in his return, that he made a seizure of the school house, but prior to the day of sale, it was burned down. On his examination as a witness, he states that the defendants in the suit pointed out no other property, and the writ was returned. Some changes having subsequently been made in the direction of the school, [514] and all efforts having failed to obtain payment of the judgment, he petitioned for a rule on the School Directors to show cause why a mandamus should not issue from the Judge of the District Court of Avoyelles, to compel them to levy a tax to an amount sufficient to satisfy the amount of the debt, interests and costs, say $473 60. The affidavit required by law was made, and on this petition, the Judge granted the rule prayed for. On the hearing of the rule, the court dismissed it, and from this judgment of dismissal, Bassett has appealed. Only one of the three directors cited answered, and stated in his answer, that the other two had resigned before the service of the citation, and that he had resigned since. He further denied his power to levy a tax in the manner claimed. There is nothing to show that the resignation of the defendants was accepted, but supposing them to be still directors, no judgment by default was taken against those who did not answer, and it would not be in our power in the present situation of the case, to give the plaintiff relief, if he was otherwise entitled to it. The District Court was called upon to issue a mandamus commanding the School Directors to assess on the property within their district, and cause to be collected an amount sufficient to pay the plaintiff’s claim, or, in other words, to compel the exercise of the power to legislate, vested in them by the Act of 1847, and to carry into execution the law they might enact. However general and comprehensive the disposition of Art. 830 of the Code of Practice may be, we assume that the power of Courts to issue the writ of mandamus, must be restricted to the cases in which their authority can he vindicated by the enforcement of the process. We are unable to perceive how it can be enforced in this case. In the case of Claiborne v. The Police Jury, 7 Mart. 4, a similar application was refused, and the inextricable difficulties in which the enforcement of the writ, in that case, would have involved the court, are forcibly stated in the opinion; they would be still greater in this case. Granting, for the sake of argument only, that the court would have the power to imprison the School Directors, until they obeyed the writ, although one of them might be in favor of obeying it, we could not prevent them from resigning, or their resignation from being accepted. The next application would in that case be, for a mandamus to compel an election of other directors, and if the voters refused to vote, as they probably would do, process would have to issue against them, under which it would become necessary to send them all to jail and to keep them there until they exer-' cised the first and highest prerogative of freemen. We do not consider that the Code of Practice has, or could have given us, the powers which our predecessors declared, they had not in the case of Glai-borne. The levying of taxes is the highest exercise of sovereignty, and is vested by the Constitution in the legislative branch of the government. All delegations of that power to corporations or individuals, and the exercise of it under those delegations, so far as they do not infringe on the Constitution and laws, are as the power itself exclusively under the control of the Legislature. If it were otherwise, the judicial and legislative powers of'the government, could not be kept distinct and separate. [515] If the agents selected by the Legislature in this case, have failed to perform their duty, and the plaintiff is injured thereby, his remedy is an application to the Legislature, to resume the delegated power, and order the collection of the special tax, which the defendants have neglected to assess and collect. Judgment affirmed, with costs. Footnotes [*] This case was decided in May, 1852.