State v. Hinze

[Cite as State v. Hinze, 2022-Ohio-2602.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT MONTGOMERY COUNTY

STATE OF OHIO : : Plaintiff-Appellee : Appellate Case No. 29290 : v. : Trial Court Case No. 2019-CR-4108/2 : AMANDA HINZE : (Criminal Appeal from : Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellant : :

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OPINION

Rendered on the 29th day of July, 2022.

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MATHIAS H. HECK, JR., by ANDREW T. FRENCH, Atty. Reg. No. 0069384, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, Montgomery County Prosecutor’s Office, Appellate Division, 301 West Third Street, 5th Floor, Dayton, Ohio 45422 Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee

DENNIS A. LIEBERMAN, Atty. Reg. No. 0029460 & RICHARD HEMPFLING, Atty. Reg. No. 0029986, 10 North Ludlow Street, Suite 200, Dayton, Ohio 45402 Attorneys for Defendant-Appellant

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DONOVAN, J.

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{¶ 1} Amanda Hinze appeals from her convictions, following her guilty pleas, to three counts of endangering children and one count of involuntary manslaughter. Hinze asserts that the trial court’s judgment entry of conviction incorrectly calculated of her maximum aggregate sentence under the Reagan Tokes Act and did not reflect the court’s oral pronouncement of her sentence. The State concedes error. Therefore, we reverse the judgment in part and remand for resentencing consistent with this opinion. In all other respects, the judgment is affirmed.

{¶ 2} On December 27, 2019, Hinze was indicted on one count of endangering children (parent-serious harm), in violation of R.C. 2919.22(A) (Count 1); one count of endangering children (serious physical harm), in violation of R.C. 2919.22(B)(1) (Count 2); one count of endangering children (torture-serious harm), in violation of R.C. 2919.22(B)(2) (Count 3); and one count of endangering children (corporal punishmentserious harm), in violation of R.C. 2919.22(B)(3) (Count 4). Count 1 was a felony of the third degree, and the other offenses were felonies of the second degree.

{¶ 3} On July 1, 2020, a reindictment was issued. Hinze was indicted on four counts of involuntary manslaughter, in violation of R.C. 2903.04(A), felonies of the first degree (Counts 1-4); one count of kidnapping (terrorize/physical harm), in violation of R.C. 2905.01(A)(3), a felony of the first degree (Count 5); and two counts of endangering children (parent-serious harm), in violation of R.C. 2919.22(A), felonies of the third degree (Counts 6-7).

{¶ 4} On September 9, 2021, after her motion to suppress was overruled, Hinze

-3-pled guilty to Counts 3 and 4 in the original indictment and to Counts 1 and 6 in the reindictment. At the plea hearing, the following exchange occurred:

THE COURT: And I do believe there’s been a plea agreement

reached between the State and the Defendant. So [Prosecutor], would you

please recite what that plea agreement is?

[THE PROSECUTOR]: * * * Your Honor, I’m going to read from the

email, so that we get it correct, that I’d sent to counsel. Amanda Hinze

would be pleading to Count I of the B indictment, felony 1 manslaughter;

Count III of the original indictment, F-2 in child endangering, torture; Count

IV of the original indictment, F-2, child endangering, restraint; Count VI of

the B indictment, F-3, child endangering. The total potential that she could

face by terms of this agreement would be 9 to - - 9 months to 30 years.

She will be going to prison under the terms of the agreement within that

range. The parties agree to no merger for these counts. She will waive

all waivable appeals and post-conviction proceedings. She’ll withdraw all

pending motions. She’ll be sentenced to prison. Both parties can argue

and present evidence to request sentencing within the 9 months to 30-year

range. She’ll execute and has executed a full proffer agreement to testify.

The sentencing will be deferred until after Codefendant McLean’s trial.

She would have no eligibility for early release pending the sentence

imposed by the Court.

The full proffer agreement is State’s Exhibit 1 that has been provided

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to counsel. It has been signed by Defendant who is present with her

attorney, * * * and has been signed by the State of Ohio’s attorneys and the

State’s detective. It has also been initialed, each and every paragraph by

the Defendant Amanda Hinze to indicate that she has gone over each

specific paragraph with her counsel. Defense counsel acknowledged his understanding of the plea agreement, as did Hinze. Hinze’s plea form for Count 1 of the reindictment set forth a maximum term of 16.5 years, and her plea form for Counts 3 and 4 of the original indictment set forth a maximum term of 12 years.

{¶ 5} Sentencing occurred on September 29, 2021. The court pronounced sentence as follows:

In regards to the B indictment, under Count I, manslaughter, I

sentence you to a minimum term of 11 years to a maximum term of 16-1/2

years. Under Count VI of the B indictment, endangering children, I

sentence you to a term of 36 months in the Ohio Reformatory for Women.

Under original indictment referred to as A, Count III, endangering

children, a felony of the second degree, I’m going to sentence you to a

minimum term of 8 years and a maximum term of 12 years. Under Count

IV of that same indictment, endangering children, I sentence you to a term

of 8 years - - minimum term of 8 years to a maximum term of 12 years.

Counts I and VI of the B indictment are to run consecutive to each

other. Counts III and IV of the original indictment are to run concurrently

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with each other but consecutive to the B indictment, Counts I and VI, for a

total sentence of minimum of 22 years.

{¶ 6} On September 30, 2021, the court issued a judgment entry of conviction that provided as follows:

Sentenced to indefinite prison term under Reagan Tokes law (SB 201) effective

March 20, 2019.

WHEREFORE, it is the JUDGMENT and SENTENCE of the Court that the defendant herein be delivered to the OHIO REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN there to be imprisoned and confined for a term of A INDICTMENT: CT 3: MINIMUM EIGHT (8) YEARS to MAXIMUM TWELVE (12) YEARS,

A INDICTMENT: CT 4: MINIMUM EIGHT YEARS to MAXIMUM TWELVE (12) YEARS.

B INDICTMENT: CT 1: MINIMUM ELEVEN (11) YEARS to MAXIMUM SIXTEEN AND A HALF (16.5) YEARS MAXIMUM,

B INDICTMENT: CT 6: THIRTY-SIX (36) MONTHS.

COUNTS 3 AND 4 TO BE SERVED CONCURRENT TO EACH OTHER AND CONSECUTIVE TO CT 1 AND 6.

COUNTS 1 AND 6 TO BE SERVED CONSECUTIVE TO EACH OTHER AND CONCURRENT TO COUNTS 3 AND 4.

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TOTAL SENTENCE IMPOSED: 22 YEARS MINIMUM TO 28 YEARS MAXIMUM

{¶ 7} On October 13, 2021, the trial court issued a second judgment entry of conviction that was identical to the initial one except that it provided as follows: “TOTAL SENTENCE IMPOSED: 22 YEARS MINIMUM TO 31.5 YEARS MAXIMUM[.]”

{¶ 8} On November 1, 2021, Hinze filed her notice of appeal, listing both judgments as judgments on appeal.

{¶ 9} As a preliminary matter, we question whether the trial court had the authority

-6-to file an amended judgment entry that made a substantive change to the sentence it had imposed. But we need not resolve that question, because we are reversing the trial court’s judgment. Further, either the September 30 judgment was the final judgment or the October 13 judgment superseded that judgment and that was the final judgment, but both were not effective final judgments. (The notice of appeal was timely as to either judgment.) Thus, we will refer to only a single judgment entry of conviction in this opinion.

{¶ 10} Hinze asserts the following assignment of error:

THE SENTENCE SET FORTH IN THE TRIAL COURT’S

TERMINATION ENTRY DIFFERED FROM THAT WHICH WAS

ANNOUNCED AT THE TIME OF SENTENCING AND WAS CONTRARY

TO LAW AND LOGIC.

{¶ 11} Hinze asserts that the trial court’s calculation of the total minimum term of 22 years was correct, but that the total maximum term “should have been the sum of that total minimum plus one half of only the longest minimum of the most serious felony being sentenced.” Hinze asserts that the “most serious felony was Count 1 of the ‘B’ Indictment, a felony of the first degree. The minimum for that was 11 years. Thus, only one half of that 11 years (i.e. 5.5 years) should have been added to the total minimum, resulting in a total maximum sentence of 27.5 years.” Hinze asserts that the judgment entry “exceeded that permissible maximum term” and therefore was contrary to law, and this matter must be remanded for resentencing.

{¶ 12} Hinze further asserts that the trial court’s statements regarding concurrent

-7-and consecutive sentences differed from what was announced in open court and were also “illogical and impossible to achieve.” She asserts:

At the time of sentencing, the Court stated that the first and sixth

counts of the “B” Indictment were to be consecutive to each other, and that

the third and fourth counts of the “A” Indictment were to be concurrent to

each other, but consecutive to the two counts of the “B” Indictment. On the

other hand, both the September 30, 2021 and the October 13, 2021

Termination Entries state, inter alia, that Counts 3 and 4 are to be

concurrent to each other and consecutive to Counts 1 and 6, while at the

same time stating that Counts 1 and 6 are to be consecutive to each other

but concurrent to Counts 3 and 4. This is inconsistent with the

announcement at the time of sentencing, and it is impossible for both

statements to be true. Thus, resentencing is necessary on this basis as

well. (Emphasis sic.) Appellant’s Brief p. 4.

{¶ 13} The State concedes error and asks that this matter be remanded to the trial court with an instruction that it correct its mistakes by filing an amended judgment entry. According to the State, because the trial court correctly announced the sentence at the sentencing hearing, and the only error occurred in the judgment entry, Hinze does not need to be re-sentenced; the error can be corrected through the filing of an amended judgment entry that reflects the maximum sentence as being 27.5 years.

{¶ 14} This Court recently summarized the Reagan Tokes Act as follows:

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The Reagan Tokes Law, effective on March 22, 2019, “ ‘significantly

altered the sentencing structure for many of Ohio's most serious felonies’ by

implementing an indefinite sentencing system for those non-life felonies of

the first and second degree, committed on or after the effective date.” State

v. Polley, 6th Dist. Ottawa No. OT-19-039, 2020-Ohio-3213, ¶ 5, fn. 1. The

Law requires the sentencing judge to impose a “minimum term” from within

the currently established sentencing range and a “maximum term” of an

additional fifty percent of the imposed minimum term. See R.C.

2929.144(B). “Release [from prison] is presumed to occur at the expiration

of the ‘minimum term,’ however the Department of Rehabilitation and

Corrections [DRC] may, under certain circumstances, rebut that release

presumption and impose additional prison time up to the ‘maximum

term.’ ” The Ohio Criminal Sentencing Commission, SB 201 Quick

Reference Guide July 2019. The DRC may also reduce the minimum term,

with the approval of the sentencing court. Id. State v. Leamman, 2d Dist. Champaign Nos. 2021-CA-30 and 2021-CA-35, 2022-Ohio-2057, ¶ 9, quoting State v. Ferguson, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 28644, 2020-Ohio-4153, ¶ 20.

{¶ 15} R.C. 2929.144 provides:

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(B) The court imposing a prison term on an offender under division

(A)(1)(a) or (2)(a) of section 2929.14 of the Revised Code for a qualifying

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felony of the first or second degree shall determine the maximum prison

term that is part of the sentence in accordance with the following:

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(2) If the offender is being sentenced for more than one felony, if one

or more of the felonies is a qualifying felony of the first or second degree,

and if the court orders that some or all of the prison terms imposed are to

be served consecutively, the court shall add all of the minimum terms

imposed on the offender under division (A)(1)(a) or (2)(a) of section 2929.14

of the Revised Code for a qualifying felony of the first or second degree that

are to be served consecutively and all of the definite terms of the felonies

that are not qualifying felonies of the first or second degree that are to be

served consecutively, and the maximum term shall be equal to the total of

those terms so added by the court plus fifty per cent of the longest minimum

term or definite term for the most serious felony being sentenced.

{¶ 16} As the parties assert, the court correctly calculated Hinze’s minimum prison term of 22 years (11 years for the felony of the first degree in the reindictment, plus eight years for the concurrent endangering children offenses in the initial indictment, plus the three year sentence for the third degree felony in the reindictment, equals 22 years.) At the sentencing hearing, the court failed to calculate the maximum term which, as the parties agree, is 27.5 years (the 22 year minimum sentence, plus fifty percent of the 11-year sentence, or 5.5). The trial court incorrectly calculated the maximum term in each of the judgments it filed. We also agree with the parties that the imposition of the

-10-concurrent and consecutive sentences was internally inconsistent and incorrect.

{¶ 17} The record before us further reflects that the trial court failed to comply with R.C. 2929.19, which governs sentencing hearings, and provides:

(2) Subject to division (B)(3) of this section, if the sentencing court

determines at the sentencing hearing that a prison term is necessary or

required, the court shall do all of the following:

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(c) If the prison term is a non-life felony indefinite prison term, notify the

offender of all of the following:

(i) That it is rebuttably presumed that the offender will be released from

service of the sentence on the expiration of the minimum prison term

imposed as part of the sentence or on the offender's presumptive earned

early release date, as defined in section 2967.271 of the Revised Code,

whichever is earlier;

(ii) That the department of rehabilitation and correction may rebut

the presumption described in division (B)(2)(c)(i) of this section if, at a

hearing held under section 2967.271 of the Revised Code, the department

makes specified determinations regarding the offender's conduct while

confined, the offender's rehabilitation, the offender's threat to society, the

offender's restrictive housing, if any, while confined, and the offender's

security classification;

(iii) That if, as described in division (B)(2)(c)(ii) of this section, the

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department at the hearing makes the specified determinations and rebuts

the presumption, the department may maintain the offender's incarceration

after the expiration of that minimum term or after that presumptive earned

early release date for the length of time the department determines to be

reasonable, subject to the limitation specified in section 2967.271 of the

Revised Code;

(iv) That the department may make the specified determinations and

maintain the offender's incarceration under the provisions described in

divisions (B)(2)(c)(i) and (ii) of this section more than one time, subject to

the limitation specified in section 2967.271 of the Revised Code;

(v) That if the offender has not been released prior to the expiration of the

offender's maximum prison term imposed as part of the sentence, the

offender must be released upon the expiration of that term. (Emphasis added.) See also State v. Thompson, 2d Dist. Clark No. 2020-CA-60, 2021-Ohio-4027, ¶ 27-31. The trial court failed to make the required indefinite sentencing notifications at the sentencing hearing, and they are not included in its judgment entry.

{¶ 18} For the foregoing reasons, Hinze’s sentence is contrary to law. The judgment is reversed in part and the matter is remanded to the trial court for the sole purpose of resentencing Hinze based upon the conceded errors herein and pursuant to

-12-R.C. 2929.19(B)(2)(c).1 In all other respects, the judgment is affirmed.

............ TUCKER, P.J. and LEWIS, J., concur. Copies sent to:

Mathias H. Heck, Jr. Andrew T. French Dennis A. Lieberman Richard Hempfling Hon. Dennis J. Adkins

1 We note that the trial court filed a third judgment entry on November 15, 2021, after the notice of appeal was filed. This judgment corrected the maximum sentence to 27.5 years and clarified the concurrent/consecutive nature of the sentences, but it did not address the failure to provide the required notifications at sentencing. Moreover, insofar as a notice of appeal had been filed, the trial court clearly lacked jurisdiction to take further action at that time, and this judgment was a nullity.