Foster v. Minnesota Central Railway Co.

By the Court. Beret, J. The plaintiff brings this action to recover damages for personal injuries to himself, caused by the alleged negligence of the defendant’s servants. It appears from the pleadings, case and stipulation, that the plaintiff at the time the injury was sustained, was a common laborer in the employ of the defendant as a section man, engaged in repairing defendant’s railway trade; that he was not on the train, nor in any way connected with the running of the same. The injuries complained of are alleged to have been occasioned by the negligence and carelessness of defendant’s servants, in so piling wood upon the tender, and in so running the train, that a stick of wood was thrown from the tender striking the plaintiff upon the head, as he was standing within about twenty feet of the track, fracturing his skull and rendering him permanently blind. Can the plaintiff' under these circumstances maintain this action ? A master, guilty of no personal negligence or misconduct, is not responsible to his servant for injuries resulting to the latter from the negligence, carelessness or misconduct of a fellow servant engaged in the same general business. This proposition is supported by numerous and weighty authorities, and must be regarded as settled law. Priestly vs. Fowler, 3 M. & W. 1; Hutchinson vs. York, Newcastle & Berwick Railway, 5 Exch., 343 ; Wigmore Jay, Ib. 354 ; [363] Skip vs. Eastern Counties Railw., 9 Exch., 223; Degg vs. Midland Railw., 1 Hurlst. & N., 773; Tarrant vs. Webb, 18 C. B. (86 E. C. L.) 797; Ormond vs. Holland, 1 El. Bl. & El., 102; Farwell vs. Boston & Worcester R. R. Co., 4 Met., 49; Albro vs. Agawam Canal Co., 6 Cushing, 75; King vs. Boston & Worcester R. R. Co., 9 Cushing, 112; Gilman vs. Eastern R. R. Co., 10 Allen, 236; S. C. 13 Allen, 433 ; Coon vs. Syracuse & Utica R. R. Co., 1 Selden, 492; Wright vs. N. Y. Central R. R. Co., 25 N. Y. 562; Frazier vs. Penn. R. W. Co., 38 Penn. St. 104; Noyes vs. Smith, 28 Vt., 59; Honner vs. Ill. Cent. Railw., 15 Ill., 550; Ill. Cen. R. R. Co. vs. Cox, 21 Ill., 20; Whalen vs. Mad River & Lake Erie Railroad Company, 8 Ohio State, 249 ; Mosely vs. Chamberlain, 18 Wis., 700 ; Ohio & Miss. R. R. Co., vs. Tindal, 13 Ind., 366 ; Thayer vs. St. Louis, &c., R. R., 22 Ind., 26 ; Slattery vs. Toledo, &c., R. R. Co., 23 Ind., 81 ; Carle vs. B. & P. Canal & R. W. Company, 43 Me., 269 ; Buzzell vs. Laconia Manfg. Co., 48 Me., 113 ; Fifield vs. Northern R. R. Co., 42 N. H., 225; Hayden vs. Smithville Manf'g Co, 29 Conn., 548; McDermott vs. Pacific R. R., 30 Mo., 115 ; Mich. C. R. R. Co. vs, Leehy, 10 Mich., 193. But it is insisted on behalf of the plaintiff, that where the servant sustaining and the servant causing the injury are employed in separate and distinct departments of a general business, they are not fellow servants, and this rule does not apply. This qualification of the rule has been urged, discussed and considered in many adjudged cases, and the decided weight of authority is against its allowance. "Where the relation between the servant injuring, and the servant injured, is that of superior and subordinate, there is some conflict of judicial sentiment as to the application of the rule, but upon this matter it is unnecessary for-us to [364] express any opinion in this case. But where no such relation exists, the general rule before laid down must be held to apply, and the master exonerated from responsibility, notwithstanding the servants are engaged in distinct departments of the same general service or business. Farwell vs. Boston & Worcester R. R. Co., 4 Met., 60; Al-bro vs. Agawam Canal Co., 6 Cushing, 75; Gilshannon vs. Stony Brook Railw. Co., 10 Cushing, 228; (Gilman vs. Eastern R. R. Co., 10 Allen, 236 ; 13 Allen 213 ; Coon vs. Syracuse & Utica R. R. Co., 1 Selden, 492 ; Russell vs. Hudson River R. R. Co., 17 N. Y., 134; Wright vs. N. Y. Central R. R. Co., 25 N. Y., 562; Abraham vs. Reynolds, 5 H. & N., 142; Hurd Adm'r vs. Vermont & Canada R. R. 32 Vt., 473 ; Seaver vs. B. & M. R. R., 14 Gray, 466; Whalan vs. Mad River & Lake Erie R. R., 8 O. State 249 ; Ohio & Miss. R. R. vs. Tindal, 13 Ind., 366 ; Slatterly vs. Toledo & Wabash R. R., 23 Ind., 81; Moss vs. Johnson, 22 Ill., 633, and several cases before cited. In the case at bar, the plaintiff and the defendant’s other servants by whose negligence it is alleged that the plaintiff was injured, were in the employment of the same master, (the defendant) under the same general control, (the defendant’s) and engaged in promoting the same general object, to-wit, the operating of the defendant’s railroad-; the plaintiff by aiding in the repairs of the track so that trains could bo run thereon, the other servants by running trains. "Within the principles of the cases referred to, they must be held to be fellow servants. The case of Whalan vs. Mad River & Lake Erie R. R., sufra presents a remarkably close analogy to the case at bar, and so does Coon vs. Syracuse & Utica R. R. supra. We do not feel called upon to enter into any more extended examination of the questions raised in this case. The same [365] questions have been directly considered, and passed upon, in the nurerous cases to which we refer, and a multitude of others which will be found collected in 1 Redfield on Railways, 527; Angell on Carriers, Secs. 576-578 and 2 Hilliard on Torts, 478. Order affirmed.