Mastin v. May

Brown, C. J. This action was brought to recover tbe possession of certain rell property, and for tbe value of tbe use and occupation thereof by defendants, wbo, tbe complaint alleged, wrongfully entered into tbe possession of tbe same to tbe exclusion of plaintiff.1 For such use and occupation plaintiff demanded judgment for $1,000. Defendants answered, setting up certain facts relative to negotiations between tbe parties looking to a purchase of tbe property by defendants, under and pending which negotiations, and in reliance upon tbe completion thereof, defendants were given the possession of the property; that during such possession and prior to tbe abandonment of tbe negotiations defendants made certain permanent iiüprovements upon the property of tbe value of $800; that defendants were at all times ready and willing to carry out the contract <j>f purchase, as embodied in tbe negotiations therefor, and that plaintiff refused to comply therewith. They demanded as relief that specific performance' of tbe contract be decreed, and, in case such relief was refused, that defendants recover of plaintiff tbe value of tie improvements .made by them upon tbe premises, and other expenses incurred, amounting in all to $1,500. Tbe trial court found as facts that negotiations for tbe purchase of tbe property did not constitute a contract of sale, that tbe minds of tbe parties never met upon t-lie terms thereof, yet that defendants in good faith and in reliance upcjm consummation of tbe same, after being granted tbe possession of the property, made permanent improvements thereon of tbe value if $250. , Tbe court further found, in addition to awarding possession of [283] the property to plaintiff, that the value of the use thereof while in the possession of defendants was the sum of $600. Judgment was accordingly ordered in plaintiff’s favor for the possession of the property, together with the sum of $600, and the costs of the action, less the value of the improvements so made by defendants. Judgment was so entered on motion of plaintiff’s attorney on August 26, 1914. Thereafter, on September 29, 1914, to avoid the issuance of an execution, defendants, through their attorney, forwarded to the clerk of the district court a check for the full amount of the judgment, with costs, with instructions to pay the money over to the plaintiff upon the satisfaction of the judgment. The clerk forwarded the check to plaintiff’s attorney, who cashed the same, and received the money thereon. The judgment was not however formally satisfied, and now remains upon the record as of full force and effect. On February 26, 1915, long subsequent to this payment, but within the time for appeal, plaintiff appealed from the judgment “and whole thereof.” Defendants move to dismiss the appeal on the ground that the acceptance by plaintiff of the benefits granted by the judgment was a waiver of the right of appeal. The motion should be granted. It is a well settled rule of general application that the acceptance of benefits granted by a judgment precludes the right of appeal therefrom. The rule exists by statute in some of the states, and in other states, as in this, by rule of court. Babcock v. Banning, 3 Minn. 123 (191); 2 R. C. L. 44; Harte v. Castetter, 38 Neb. 571, 57 N. W. 381; Webster-Glover L. & M. Co. v. St. Croix Co. 71 Wis. 317, 36 N. W. 864; Laird v. Giffin, 84 Wis. 286, 54 N. W. 584; Clairview Park Imp. Co. v. Detroit & L. St. C. Ry. 164 Mich. 74, 129 N. W. 353, 33 L.R.A.(N.S.) 250. It has frequently been applied in actions of ejectment where the appellant has accepted and received the benefits of the judgment insofar as favorable to him. Albright v. Oyster, 60 Fed. 644, 9 C. C. A. 173; Babbitt v. Corby, 13 Kan. 612; Hall v. Lacy, 37 Pa. 366; Bolen v. Cumby, 53 Ark. 514, 14 S. W. 926; Gray v. Smith, 17 Neb. 682, 24 N. W. 340; Tyler v. Shea, 4 N. D. 377, 61 N. W. 468, 50 Am. St. 660; and the authorities cited in McKain v. Mullen, 29 L.R.A.(N.S.) [284] 2, 65 W. Va. 558, 64 S. E. 829. The rule has its limitations and! exceptions, depending upon the facts of the particular case. Tyler j v. Shea, supra. Eor instance where the part of the judgment accepted is independent of and has no relation to the part which | is adverse, that which is favorable may be accepted without preju-¡ dicing the right of appeal as to that which is adverse. The exception' does not apply to the case at bar. The amount awarded plaintiff | for the use and occupation of the land was not an independent issue in the case, but was related to and in a measure controlled by! the further issue, namely, whether defendants were entitled -to j reduce the same, by way of offset, to the extent of the value of improvements made by them upon the premises. Nor will the! court in such case go into the record for the purpose of ascertaining | or determining the merits of the adverse part of the judgment. The' acceptance of the benefits bars the appeal, and there the matter ends.j The point is made by appellant that respondents waived the] right to move for a dismissal by not presenting their motion on the' opening day of the term, and by the delay in making it; and further| that the judgment has not been satisfied of record, and that the court, is without power to inquire into the question of payment on this! appeal. These contentions are not sound. It was not necessary j that the motion be made on the opening day of the term, and the delay in presenting the matter is sufficiently explained by the affidavits. Todd v. Bettingen, 102 Minn. 260, 113 N. W. 906, 18 L.R.A.(N.S.) 263, is distinguishable in its facts. The matter was properly submitted on affidavits, and it is not important thatj the judgment has not formally been satisfied of record. The question was so submitted in Babcock v. Banning, 3 Minn. 123 (191). Appeal dismissed. Schaller, J., took no part. Footnotes [1] [See Mastin v. May, 127 Minn. 93, 148 N. W. 3.]