Somerville v. Mayes

Campbell, J., delivered the opinion of the court. The intestate of the plaintiff in error had judgment in the Circuit Court against McIntyre and wife, rendered Oct. 12, 1860. On April 6, 1861, the defendants in said judgment enjoined it by bill in chancery, complaining on some equitable ground, which conceded the validity of said judgment. The injunction was dissolved, and afterwards, on Oct. 15, 1869, the bill was dismissed. On July 14, 1868, Mrs. McIntyre, whose husband had died, and who had become Mrs. Fox, prosecuted a writ of error to the said judgment, which writ of error operated as a supersedeas by virtue of the act of Oct. 30, 1866. Acts of 1866-67, p. 26. In April, 1870, this act was repealed. On Aug. 8, 1870, this action was instituted on the injunction bond given by the complainants in said bill for injunction. On April 8, 1872, the judgment against McIntyre and wife was reversed, being held void as to the married woman. The cause being remanded, the action was dismissed as to her, and judgment had, on Nov. 9, 1873, against the administrator of McIntyre. The action on the injunction bond was tried on the foregoing facts, with others not necessary to be stated, and resulted in a judgment in favor of the defendants, the action having been dismissed by the plaintiff as to the married woman, who was an obligor in said bond. Two questions have been discussed by counsel, viz.: 1. Whether the action was prematurely brought on the injunction bond ; 2. Whether there is any legal liability on the [34] obligors of the' bond. It is affirmed that the action on the bond was commenced wdfile the judgment enjoined was superseded by writ of error. This is a mistake. The repeal of the act of Oct. 30, 1866, in April, 1870, was a discharge of the supersedeas. The condition of the bond is an answer to both questions stated above. The right of recovery on the bond is coextensive with its condition, and resort must be had to its terms in determining the rights and liabilities of parties to it. The obligors have a right to stand on its terms. So has the obligee. It is conditioned to “ pay all money and costs due or to become due in said judgment or action at law, and also all such costs and damages as shall be awarded against them, in case the said injunction shall be dissolved.” The dissolution of the injunction is the contingency on which liability to pay was stipulated to arise. The condition was broken when the injunction was dissolved, and the right of action on the bond was then complete. Harrison v. Balfour, 5 S. & M. 301. The obligation of the bond, as determined by the language of its condition, is to pay all money and costs due or to become due in said action at law, as well as all costs and damages awarded against the obligors, &c. The terms are broad enough to embrace all that was due the obligee in said action at law. The obligee had a judgment in said action at law against McIntyre and wife. It was afterwards held to be void as to the wife. It was, nevertheless, a valid judgment against the man. Although it was reversed, it was not void as to McIntyre. The reversal destroyed the judgment as an evidence of debt, but did not affect the cause of action, nor the action at law as to McIntyre. The final judgment in that action is an ascertainment of what was due the plaintiff at the commencement of his action, with its incident, the interest afterwards accrued. The defendants to the action on the injunction bond, after dismissal as to the married woman, were therefore liable on the bond, notwithstanding the reversal of the judgment enjoined. This is a just result, of which the obligors cannot properly complain. It not only flows from their express stipulation by the bond, but it comes within their expectation when they [35] executed it. The injunction was obtained on a ground held insufficient, and the injunction was dissolved. The judgment was not enjoined, because it was void. The contemplation, as well as the stipulation, of the obligors in the bond was, that, if the injunction should be dissolved, they would pay the debt and interest, as evidenced by the judgment, then regarded as valid, and costs and damages to be awarded. They knew that the injunction was a release of errors in the judgment; that a bill for injunction rests on a concession of the validity of the judgment sought to be enjoined ; and that the idea of a, writ of error to a judgment after injunction is not contained in the law. Though true that the judgment enjoined was on writ of error held to be void as to Mrs. McIntyre, it is doubtless true that no such curious result was ever contemplated by the obligors of the bond. The object of the statute requiring a bond as the condition precedent to injunction of a judgment or action at law, is to afford the creditor security for his demand when delayed by injunction. The purpose is to make the party hindered by injunction safe to the extent of his just claim. The object of the law can be accomplished in this case only by giving effect to the language of the condition of the bond, and holding the obligors bound to pay all money due in said action at law, with costs and damages. As the facts of the case are agreed on, and the judgment of the court invoked on them, the judgment herein will be reversed, and judgment may be entered here in accordance with this opinion.