Cole v. Mitchell

Oktoh, J. The judgment in this case was rendered May 7, 1869. On May 2,1889, notice was served on the defendants that the plaintiff would make application to the court on May 6, 1889, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon, for leave to bring an action on said judgment. On that day the defendants appeared specially for the purpose of objecting to the jurisdiction and authority of the court to grant said motion. The court,, however, sustained said motion, and granted such leave. The statute under which this motion was made is as follows: “ No action shall be brought upon a judgment rendered in any court of this state, except a court of a justice of the peace, between the same parties, without leave of the court for a good cause shown, on notice to the adverse party.” Sec. 2916, R. S. On the 9th day of July, 1889, the court, on motion of the defendants, they having appeared specially to make the same, ordered that said order granting leave of May 6, 1889, be vacated and set aside be [134] cause the court had no power or authority to grant the same. This last order is the subject of this appeal. It will be seen that the order appealed from stands alone upon the want of jurisdiction of the court to grant the former order of May 6, 1889, so that the only question before this court on this appeal is, Had the court jurisdiction to make said order? It is contended by the learned counsel of the respondent that the court had no jurisdiction to grant said order because (1) there was not eight days’ notice of the motion, and (2) because no affidavit or other paper on which it was based was served on the defendants, hut only the notice itself. It seems that when the notice was served there were only five days remaining before the judgment would be barred by the twenty years statute of limitations, so that this short notice was then a necessity if any previous leave to sue upon it was to be obtained at all. Perhaps there was no excuse for such laches, but such was the fact. Ye shall take it for granted that this application for leave was a regular motion, and that eight days’ notice was required. The defendants appeared, however, not to ask for more time or longer notice, or for any postponement, or that the notice be set aside, or to claim that there was nothing due upon the judgment and therefore no merit in the application, but “ speciallyfor the purpose of-objecting to the jurisdiction and authority of said court to grant said motion, and for no other purpose whatever.” It does not ajspear that it was not convenient for the defendants to meet the motion at that time, or that there was any reason for its not being heard and disposed of at that time, except the purely technical one that the notice was shorter than the statute and rules require. There were therefore no merits in the motion to vacate the order. But that is not the question to be decided, and I speak of it only to show the nature of the proceeding, as it may affect the real question [135] of the jurisdiction of the court to make the order at that time. The order was made on this short notice, and the question is, "Was it void? The defendants had actual notice of the motion and the time of hearing it. This gave the court jurisdiction of their persons, and they were present when the order was made. The learned counsel of the respondents have cited no authorities which show that such an order is void for want of jurisdiction. It is at most merely irregular. It is sufficient that the defendants had notice of it, and were apprised of what was going on against them, and were afforded an opportunity to defend against it. This gave the court jurisdiction over them. In re Empire City Bank, 18 N. Y. 200; Rockwell v. Nearing, 35 N. Y. 302. “ It matters not that it was difficult or inconvenient to appear, if it was not impracticable.” Flint R. S. Co. v. Foster, 5 Ga. 194, 48 Am. Dec. 248, and note. The court has jurisdiction to render judgment for default before the time of answering has expired. The judgment is not void, but merely irregular. Salter v. Hilgen, 40 Wis. 363. Judgment by the clerk without notice is not void, but irregular. Egan v. Sengpiel, 46 Wis. 704; Schobacher v. Germantown F. M. Ins. Co. 59 Wis. 86. If judgments are not void when rendered before the time of answering has expired, or without notice when notice is required by law, it is quite certain that an order is not void made on.too short a notice. The following cases are cited by the learned counsel of the appellant, in which it is held that an order granting leave to sue (and most of the cases are like this) may be obtained after suit is brought nunopro tnmo. Angel v. Smith, 9 Ves. 335; Chautauque Co. Bank v.Risley, 19 N. Y. 376; Finch v. Carpenter, 5 Abb. Pr. 225; Burrough v. Hull, Voorh. Code, 1855, sec. 71, note d; Church v. Van Buren, 55 How. 489; McKernan v. Robinson, 84 N. Y. 105; Lane v. Salter, 4 Rob. (N. Y.), 239. If an order is void for want of jurisdiction, which [136] grants leave to sue without a sufficiently long notice, then it is incurable by an order ntmo pro tuno or in any other way. Rut the cases in this court, as well as common reason, are conclusive of the question. The order may have been irregular, but was not void, and therefore the circuit court ought not to have vacated and set it aside for that reason. 2. The want of service of any affidavit or other papers on which the motion was founded, with the notice, was. clearly not jurisdictional. It was most obviously a mere-irregularity. The notice itself states the amount of the-judgment unpaid, and that was the material fact. There being no question about the power, authority, or jurisdiction of the court to make the order on such short notice, it was just and proper for the court to do so, in order to save the judgment from the bar of the statute. It was an irregularity that did no harm or injustice to the-defendants, and was purely technical. By the Gourt.— The order of the circuit court is reversed, and the cause remanded for further proceedings according to law.