German American Bank v. Powell

TViNSLow, J. Tbe plaintiff attacks tbe discharge in insolvency collaterally, and this it may unquestionably do if tbe lack of jurisdiction appears upon tbe face of tbe record. O’Malley v. Fricke, 104 Wis. 280, 80 N. W. 436. Tbe^question is, Does it so appear ? Tbe plaintiff claims that lack of jurisdiction appears in two ways: first, because tbe written order fixing the date for the bearing of tbe petition and for creditors to show cause contained no date in fact, but directed that cause be shown “on tbe ——• day of September, 1897and, second, because tbe record shows that proof of tbe publication and mailing of tbe required notices to creditors was not filed until October 6, 1897, being six days after tbe discharge itself was granted. Tbe proceedings by an insolvent debtor to obtain a discharge under cb. 179, Stats. 1898, are strictly adversary proceedings, as much so in fact as are actions at law. Tbe creditors whose claims are to be barred must be made parties to tbe proceedings and jurisdiction of them obtained in the way laid down by tbe statute or their rights will not be affected. This is self-evident. Tbe statute (sec. 4285, Stats. 1898) provides that upon tbe filing of tbe insolvent’s petition and schedules tbe court shall make an order requiring tbe creditors to show cause why a discharge should not bo granted, which order “shall also fix a day in tbe same or next ensuing term for tbe hearing thereof.” There can be no question but that tbe fixing of the day is jurisdictional. As tbe written order on file contains a blank at this point, tbe contention is that it is conclusively shown that no day was fixed. But tbe written order is not necessarily tbe decision of tbe court, but generally is merely evidence thereof. Tbo announcement from tbe bench is tbe order or judgment in [578] fact. Baker v. Baker, 51 Wis. 538, 8 N. W. 289; Allen v. Voje, 114 Wis. 1, 89 N. W. 924. Had the clerk’s minutes been introduced, and had it appeared therefrom that the court announced from the bench that the matter would be heard on the 14th of September, the statute would unquestionably have been satisfied, notwithstanding the hiatus in the written order. The minutes were not introduced, but the order of September 30th following’ was introduced, in which is a definite recital over the signature of the court that the 14th day of September was the day fixed for the hearing of the order to show cause. This is certainly some evidence that the day was properly fixed. It does not conflict with the written order, but simply supplies a blank which was evidently left in the written order by obvious mistake. It is absurd to suppose that the court made an order for hearing and deliberately fixed no date for that hearing. We think, therefore, that it sufficiently appears from the recital in the order of September '30th that the court did in fact fix the 14th of September as the time of hearing of the petition, notwithstanding that the date was not inserted in the written order. Proceeding to the next question, we find it more serious. Sec. 4288, Stats. 1898, provides that on the day fixed in thorder to show cause or any subsequent day that the court may aj>point, the proofs or allegations of the parties shall be heard by the court, “but before any other proceeding shall be had proof shall be made of the service and publication of the notices provided for in the preceding sections.” The preceding sections require that notice of the order to show cause aforesaid shall be published in a newspaper at the seat of government and in a newspaper published in the county where the application was made, and that a copy shall be served personally or by mail on each creditor. The record shows that none of the proofs of publication or mailing were filed until October 6, 1897, and that the order of discharge was granted September 30, 1897. We regard this as fatal to [579] the jurisdiction of the court. It cannot be treated as a mere irregularity. “Before any other proceeding shall be had” .are the words of the statute. They are mandatory and exclusive, if words ever were mandatory or exclusive. Until the proofs are filed there is no power given to the court to take a step. It is futile to question the wisdom or reasonableness of the legislative will. It was within the power of the legislature to make such a provision, and the courts must respect it. It necessarily follows that the defect could not be cured by filing proofs at a later day. By the Gourk. — Judgment affirmed.