Holak v. Southard

Owen, J. Appellant assigns numerous errors occurring during the trial and in the submission of the case to the jury, which it is not necessary to consider. An examination of the record leaves little doubt that the bill of sale executed by Thomas to the plaintiff upon which she relies to' prove her title to the property was intended merely as security for a loan and not as an absolute transfer of title to the property therein described. As to this, the testimony of the Cashier of the bank is very significant. Fie testified: “The conversation at the time the bill of sale was drawn was: There had been several loans made from time to time to Mr. Thomas, and they were making some settlement with Bessey, and they talked chattel mortgage, and I advised a bill of sale, as the property that Mr. Thomas was holding really belonged to and was paid for by Mrs. Holak, and Thomas advised me he would do anything that was satisfactory, and I said you had better give a bill of sale, and he said all right, and I. said to him, you understand you are giving a bill' of sale and he said yes, and that is practically all I had to do with the case.” [496] This clearly indicates that the parties, prior to their appearance at the bank, regarded the transaction as a loan, which was to be secured by a chattel mortgage upon the property, rather than a purchase of the property described in the bill of sale. The bill of sale resulted because the cashier of the bank advised it in preference to a chattel mortgage. There is nothing to indicate that the original transaction between the parties had been transformed from that of a loan to a purchase of the personal property. The fact that the personal property remained in the possession of Thomas, and that he took it with him when he moved onto the defendant’s farm in another county, is hardly consistent with the idea that the parties considered the property described in the bill of sale as the property of plaintiff. In the testimony of the plaintiff and her husband the transaction is continually referred to as a loan. The husband of plaintiff testified: “After Thomas had taken these cattle to Baraboo I had a conversation with him. Thomas said he was going to make 100 gallons of moonshine, and not sell a gallon until it was all made and then he was going to pay up everything, he would give me $60 apiece all them cattle.” • The plaintiff testified: “I loaned or advanced Thomas $545 and my husband gave him the balance of $45. I took a bill of sale, Exhibit B, the Monday after Christmas. Q. What was your reason for getting this? Á. (B., interpreter) She said she loaned him some money and took that as security.” “The purpose of taking this instrument, Exhibit B, was to secure the payment of this $547.50 that I claim Thomas was owing my husband, and I was loaning Thomas this money to pay the Bessey mortgage. Thomas was loaned this money and gave the bill of sale as security for the payment of tíre loan. I expected Thomas would pay what he borrowed under Exhibit B from time to time, and I loaned him the money on the strength of his credit, that I thought he would pay. Thomas told me that if I would loan him this money to [497] pay off the Bessey mortgage he (Thomas) would pay the old debts that he owed me and my husband, and that he gave the bill of sale, Exhibit B, as security for the payment of such loans. Thomas told me if I would loan him the money to pay off the Bessey mortgage he (Thomas) would sell some cattle and some hay and secure the rest.” It seems to us that this as well as other evidence that might be quoted from the record conclusively establishes that the bill of sale was given not for the purpose of transferring title to the'property described therein to the plaintiff but for the purpose of securing a loan, and that the bill of sale was intended to be and was in fact a chattel mortgage. There was testimony tending to show that the defendant, before taking possession of the property described in the bill of sale, had been informed by third parties that the plaintiff owned the property. Whatever the effect of such information as notice to the defendant if the instrument were in fact a bill of sale, it is settled in this state that unrecorded chattel mortgages have no validity as against subsequent purchasers or mortgagees, even though they have actual notice of them. First Nat. Bank v. Biederman, 149 Wis. 8, 134 N. W. 1132, and cases there cited. Since the document which is in form a bill of sale but in fact a chattel mortgage was not filed or recorded as required by law, it had no validity as against the defendant and he took the personal property unaffected by any right, title, or interest accruing to the plaintiff by virtue thereof. It follows that in no view of the evidence can the plaintiff recover. The judgment must be reversed, and the cause remanded with instructions to dismiss the plaintiff's complaint. By the Court. — -So ordered.