Campbell v. Hubbard

Cooper, J., delivered the opinion of the court. Action of replevin by Hubbard against Campbell, in which the verdict and judgment were in favor of the plaintiff, and defendant appealed in error. Since the appeal Campbell has died, and certain persons as [7] bis heirs have moved the court to revive the suit in their names, no person having been found willing to administer in this State. Hubbard resists the revivor by pleading that the persons applying to revive. are not the [heirs at law, nor the sole heirs of Parker Campbell, deceased. He further files a plea to the effect that Parker Campbell died a citizen of the. State of Virginia, having made a will which has been probated in that State, and certain persons named have qualified under the laws of Virginia as executors of said will, and that the suit should be revived in their names, and not the names of the heirs at law. By statute “no appeal or writ of error in any canse or court shall abate by the death of either plaintiff or defendant, but may be revived by or against the heir, personal representative, or assignee/ in the mode prescribed: Code, sec. 2854. The action may be revived by the proper person, entitled to decedent’s place, by motion alone. And by the adverse party against such proper person by consent of that person on mere motion; and without consent by scire facias or notice: Code, secs.' 2855, 2856. If no person will administer on the estate of a deceased plaintiff or defendant, the suit may be revived against the heirs of the decedent: Code, sec. 2849. Eules of practice have been adopted by this court with a view to the enforcement of the provisions of the statutes where the person against whom the suit is sought to be revived is a non-resident of the State: 1 Heis., 786. These statutory provisions are plain enough on their face, and have been repeatedly acted on by the court. [8] It has been held that the heirs of a deceased plain-» tiff may revive the suit in their names when nó person will administer on the estate: Boyd v. Titzer, 6 Cold., 568. And that a suit may be revived against the heirs of a deceased defendant: Brown v. Rocco, 9 Heis., 187. The statutes, it has also been held, equally apply \yhere the persons by or against whom the re-vivor is sought are nonresidents of the State: Foster v. Burem, 1 Heis., 783. And to the very character of case now before the court in a replevin suit: Edgington v. Jamison, 2 Lea, 569. Under these statutes, where persons claiming to be the proper representatives of deceased parties present themselves and move to revive, the opposing litigant may resist the revivor upon any sufficient ground, such as that they are not the heirs or all the heirs, and the court must, in acting upon the motion to revive, pass upon and decide the question: Mayfield v. Stephenson, 6 Baxt., 397; Berrigan v. Fleming, 2 Lea, 271. The first plea filed in this case is therefore a good plea. The persons claiming to be the heirs of Parker Campbell are, it seems, citizens of the State, of "Virginia. The proof of heirship might be made in open court, or by the ¿deposition of witnesses taken upon notice,’ or before the clerk upon a reference to him for that purpose. The latter mode is the most convenient to the court and the parties, and has been adopted in practice. The supposed heirs may join issue on the first of the pleas filed in this case, and and have a reference to the master to take proof and report the facts. [9] The other plea is clearly void, because it does not state facts from which the court can see that the will alleged to have been made and probated in the State of Virginia undertook to dispose of the right of action in question: Williams v. Saunders, 5 Cold., 60. Whether a will of personalty executed in another State and there probated can be noticed by the courts of this State until made effectual by our laws seems to admit of doubt: Carr v. Lowe, 7 Heis., 84. But there can be no doubt that a foreign executor can neither sue nor be sued as such in this State: Allsup v. Allsup, 10 Yer., 283; Young v. O’Neal 3 Sneed, 55.