Lytle v. Turner

Cooper, J., delivered the opinion of the court. Bill by the assignees oí a purchaser’s note for land against the purchaser and a sub-vendee of a part of the land for the enforcement of the vendor’s lien. The [642] chancellor granted the relief sought, and the Referees report in favor of affirming the decree. On Jauuary 1, 1874, Thomas J. Turner sold to his son, Robert J. Turner, a tract of land containing 350 acres, for $18,000, and executed to him a bond for title. The purchase money was secured by the two notes of the purchaser, one for $10,000 at one day, and the other for $8,000 at five years. The vendor’s bond for title described these notes, and was duly registered on March 23, 1874. On the same day, the vendor assigned and delivered the note for $10,000 to the complainant, John Lytle, to secure him, as the surety of the said Thomas J. Turner on certain debts specified in the written assignment attached to the note. On June 1, 1875, Thomas J. Turner made a second assignment of the note to secure the complainants, John Lytle and Robert B. Jetton, as his surety on other debts specified' in the assignment, one of them a note executed to R. T. Tompkins for $5,000, on the same day, and as part of the transaction of suretyship. On October 31, 1877, Robert J. Turner sold 100 acres of the land to the defendant, W. W. Mooney, for $3,000, and he and Thomas J. Turner, with their wives, joined in a deed on the same day conveying the land to Mooney with the usual covenants. This deed was written by Mooney himself, and describes the land as being “& part of 350 acres sold by Thomas J. Turner to said Robert J. Turner, and conveyed by title bond, and not otherwise, which' bond is of record in the register’s office of Rutherford county, Tennessee, in book W, page :82, of date January 1, 1874, to [643] which reference is here made.” Of the purchase money, $1,000 were paid in cash, and the residue during the next month, except about $200 whic.h remained unpaid when the bill was filed on the 27th of July, 1878. Thomas J. Turner died early in January, 1878. At the time of his purchase, Mooney admits that he knew that his vendor, Robert J. Turner, had not paid the whole of the purchase money due from him to his father for the land, both father and son having so informed him. He further says that Thomas J. Turner told him that one of the notes given to him by his son for the purchase money had been delivered up to the son, and the other, he said, was “in my control.” Mooney seems to have made no further inquiry. The $8,000 note was surrendered to the son. A vendor of land who retains the legal title is on the footing- .of a mortgagee who has taken a mortgage as security for the purchase money, and his security cannot be defeated by any thing short of what would be sufficient to defeat or extinguish the security, of a mortgagee, and in such case the operation of a waiver of the lien, which applies to a vendor who conveys without reservation, cannot arise: Anthony v. Smith, 9 Hum., 508. The assignee of a debt becomes assignee of the security for its payment, and therefore the assignment of a note for the purchase money of land secured by a reservation of the title, draws after it the security: Graham v. McCampbell, Meigs, 55; Wood v. Neely, 7 Baxt., 586. A purchaser of land is chargeable with notice of all defects appearing in the chain of title under which he claims, and cannot to the ex [644] tent of the notice avail himself of the plea of an innocent purchaser: Pulliam v. Wilkerson, 1 Baxt., 611. And if a purchaser's deed refer to a title bond which shows the retention of title to secure purchase money due to a vendee by a sub-vendee, the purchaser cannot, by taking a deed from the original vendor and the sub-vendee, deprive the original vendee of his lien for purchase money due to him from the sub-vendee: Payne v. Abercrombie, 10 Heis., 161. And so if the purchaser have knowledge of outstanding purchase notes: Dishmore v. Jones, 1 Cold., 555. If the maker of a negotiable security pay the amount called for to the payee after the' note has been assigned, even as collateral security and after maturity, he will be still liable-to the assignee: Richardson v. Rice, 9 Baxt., 290. The defendant, Mooney, made his purchase under the belief, no' doubt, that • he ' was acquiring a good title, but, as between him "arid the complainants, the assignees of the Robert' J. Turner nofe, it is clear from the' foregoing principles, that he was not a' bona fide' purchaser for value, and without notice. On the contrary, he had fall notice' that the note was not paid, and that it was a lien upon the'land. ■ If, under these circumstances, he chose to trust the 'Turners' without further' inquiry, if was his misfortune. It was his duty, as between him and the assignees, to ascertain the status' of the note, especially as the words of Thomas J. Turner fairly implied that he did not have the possession, but only “the control” of the note. The defendant’s counsel contends that the assignees consented to the sale. The defendant’s answer does say [645] that Lytle gave his consent that the money should go to Thomas J. Turner, and that Jetton knew of the sale before it was made. But the proof fails to sustain either averment. The statements of Turner in their absence were, of course, not evidence against them. And there is no evidence whatever to show that either ever consented to an unconditional surrender of his rights, even if the assent of both would have affected the claims of the holders of the notes secured by the assignment. Affirm the chancellor’s decree with costs, in accordance with the report of the Referees.