In re Meriwether

TRIERER, District Judge. Under the bankrupt laws, the exemption laws of (he state in which the bankrupt resides regulate the exemptions allowed to a bankrupt. Steele v. Buel (C. C. A.; 8th Cir.) 104 Fed. 968; In re Durham (D. C.) 104 Fed. 231; Richardson v. Woodward (C. C. A.; 4th Cir.) 104 Fed. 873. This court is therefore concluded by the decisions of the highest court of this state construing the exemption law’s of Arkansas. That partners cannot claim exemption of partnership property is the settled law of the state. Richardson v. Adler, 46 Ark. 43; Porch v. Milling Co., 65 Ark. 40, 45 S. W. 51; In re Handlin, 3 Dill. 290, Fed. Cas. No. 6,018. But was the property partnership property, or was the bankrupt the exclusive owner of the mercantile establishment conducted under the firm name of Meriwether & Taylor? The referee found that the stock of merchandise ivas partnership property, and for this reason no part of it could be claimed as exempt by the bankrupt. The findings of facts by a referee, as those of a master in chancery,' although not conclusive, are very persuasive, and should not lightly be set aside; but in the case at bar there is no evidence whatever to sustain his findings. Only two witnesses testified, the bankrupt and the father of Taylor, the alleged partner, and their testimony is positive that since September 30, 1898, Meriwether was the exclusive owner of the mercantile establishment conducted under the firm name of Meriwether & Taylor, and that Taylor had no interest- whatever in the business. The supreme court of this state has passed upon this question, in a case in which the facts are almost identical with those in the case at bar, and the conclusion there reached was that, .under such circumstances, there is no partnership. Baker v. Baer, 59 Ark. 503, 28 S. W. 28. In that case an assignment- had been made by one [104] Guthrie of the assets of the firm of S. L. Guthrie & Co. Under the laivs of the state, as construed by the supreme court in numerous cases, an assignment of partnership property made by one partner without the consent of the other partners is void. The evidence was .very much like that in this case, and Mr. Justice Wood, in delivering . the opinion of the court, reversing, the judgment of the trial court, ; said: “The appellee assumes that there was a partnership. There is no proof of. one. The fact that appellees sued S. L. Guthrie, X W. and G. W. Hastings, and obtained judgment against them under the firm name of S. L. Guthrie & Co., and that the attachment was issued and levied upon the property in controversy as the property of the firm, did not establish the fact "that the'partnership existed, or that the.property levied upon was its property. The record does not show that such an issue was raised in the action for debt. It is not shown that either of the Hastingses filed an answer. Whether the judgment was obtained against them by default or otherwise does not appear. They are not here complaining. The testimony of S. L. Guthrie; uncontradicted, shows that they had no interest whatever in his ‘'business, did not contribute to the capital of the business, and never received anything from it. He explains how their names were used, and that, after the 10th of October, 1891, he, at their request, and upon their failure to com-1 ply with the conditions-upon which they were to form a partnership, ceased to use their names any more. So that, if the partnership ever existed, the proof is that it had ceased long before this assignment was made. The most that could be claimed upon the proof on the partnership question is that it was a mere holding out, — not an actual partnership inter sese, — and, such being the ease, there was nothing to inhibit Guthrie from making the assignment. He was the real owner of the business.” 59 Ark. 511. This opinion-meets the views of this court so fully that it is unnecessary to add anything to it. The referee erred in his findings of facts, and should have found that all the property of the bankrupt was his individual property, '. and, as a conclusion of law, should have allowed all the exemptions claimed by the bankrupt.