Schubert Piano Co. v. Æolian Co.

MANTON, Circuit Judge. This appellant, which was the defendant in the case of Æolian Co. v. Schubert Piano Co., 261 Fed. 178,-C. C. A.-, decided herewith, sues, contending that the JEolian Company’s sheet music guiding device infringes patent No. 1,194,725, granted to it after invention by Joseph W. Dickinson, on new and useful improvements in sheet music guiding mechanism. On April 11, 1911, the application for this patent was filed. Then there was no reference or description to the so-called law of the bleeding port operation, as is now advanced, nor were any of the claims here in suit then made. A claim for a movable port and means for adjusting the same was advanced. The patent was granted on August 15, 1916, and this suit instituted on November 9, 1916. When finally [187] disposed of, the appellant relied upon claims 40 to 44, inclusive, and upon claim 49. It was stipulated upon the trial that the evidence taken in the case of Æolian Co. v. Schubert Piano Co. may be used in this action. The appellant’s claim, in substance, is that the Dickinson patent was distinguishable from the Thomson patent, referred to in the iEolian Company suit, by the statement of function, that the valve carried by the movable part engaged by the edge of the sheet maintains the port with which the valve co-operates in a bleeding position during the proper tracking of the sheet, and it is called a bleeding port. As we have .stated in our opinion in iEolian Co. v. Schubert Piano Co., the appellant’s device, made pursuant to Dickinson’s patent, employs a spring; the opposed actuating pneumatic and the movable part engaging the edge of the sheet and carrying the pneumatic valve controlling a port governing the operation of the actuating pneumatic adapted to an instrument operated by suction. The only difference in detail of construction, that we are able to discover, is that, in the Thomson device, relays are interposed between the port and the actuating pneumatic; but as we have pointed out, relays are not in any way made essential, nor, indeed, are they referred to in the claims of the Thomson patent. In the Dickinson patent, the relays are omitted. A relay, as used by the appellee in its device is the apparatus employed in the pneumatic connections to amplify the power. The so-called bleeding port is present in, appellee’s music sheet guiding device, as it is in the Thomson patent, just as much as it is in the Dickinson patent. The so-called bleeding port consists of a pinhole in the diaphragm. The statement in the Dickinson patent in relation to the size of the pipes, is as follows: “Leading from tlie bellows to the usual pneumatic! of the musical instrument is another tube 27; tho opening thereinto from the bellows being somewhat smaller than that of the tube connecting tho bellows with the movable port to permit proper operation of the bellows in a manner about to be described.” The drawings of the Dickinson patent do not show the diaphragm contended for by counsel for the appellant. Claims 40 and 41 in suit, describe the music sheet guiding device during the proper tracking of the sheet. In both the Thomson and Dickinson devices, the operation of the guiding is accomplished as follows: J f the sheet wanders to the left, the valve is moved further away from the port, letting too much air in the port, and weakening the actuating pneumatics, and allowing the adjusting spring to work to adjust the music sheet to the right to cure the left-hand deflection;, and again, if the sheet wanders to the right, the valve will come closer to its seat than it was during the proper tracking of the music sheet, the actuating pneumatic will be strengthened, and will adjust the music sheet to the left to cure the right-hand deflection. In both devices a normal balance between the sheet and the actuating pneumatic is obtained by a bleeding port. The port must bleed during the proper tracking of the sheet, whether or not there are relays, for if it did not and remained closed for any ap [188] preciable instant of time, the actuating pneumatic would overpower the opposed spring and throw the music sheet out of track. To keep the superior actuating pneumatic reduced to a strength which balances the opposed spring, a proper amount of bleed must be kept in both devices, and the only difference in appellant’s device is that the power reducing atmosphere goes directly from the port into the actuating pneumatic, and in appellee’s device, with its relays, the atmosphere in turn is admitted into the actuating pneumatic from relay to relay, in larger and more effective quantities. Thus, in both devices, there is the constant bleed into the port, which maintains the pneumatic reduced to a balanced strength against the opposed spring when the sheet is properly tracking. Thomson’s device anticipated the Dickinson device, and there is no infringement. Other defenses are interposed. The appellee contends that there has been an abandonment of the invention prior, to the renewal application, and that the examiner rejected the proposed change in the specifications and claims describing the bleeding port theory, and that, if Dickinson wished to proceed in good faith, he should have appealed from such decision and thus have made the issue of anticipation by the Thomson patent. While the trial judge considered and sustained this claim of the appellee, and dismissed the bill, we do not deem it necessary to consider it now, nor to consider the other claims of 'anticipation, since we have concluded that the appellee does not infringe the patent in suit. Judgment affirmed.