The Valdura

GARVIN, District Judge. On December 5, 1922, the libelant filed • a libel in this court, claiming damages in the amount of $180,000, by reason of the fact that the Val'dura, which was carrying a cargo belong-1 ing to libelant, stranded near Honolulu in July, 1922, because of unseaworthiness and of negligence of her officers, and that the cargo in-, curred liability for salvage service thereafter rendered for which it was necessary to file security in the sum of $180,000. Exceptions to this libel were filed on two grounds. I. That the libel is premature. II. That the l'ibel does not contain an allegation that the res, against which process is sought, is within the jurisdiction of this court. The second exception was concededly good, but the omission has been cured by an amendment allowed by the court. The first exception was argued December 9th, and while briefs were in preparation a second libel was filed on December 11th. In view of the filing of the second libel, permission has been asked by libelant to withdraw the first. There has been no general appearance in behalf of the boat seized, and permission to withdraw the libel1 is therefore granted. Exceptions to the new libel have been filed on the following grounds: “First. The libel does not separately state and number tbe various causes of action therein contained. “Second. Such portions of the total damages claimed as are therein alleged to have arisen by reason of (a) alleged salvage services rendered to the cargo at Honolulu; (b) alleged premiums on bonds filed by the cargo in actions in rem brought by the alleged salvors at Honolulu; (c) alleged cable expenses incurred in procuring the bonds filed by the cargo in the actions in rem brought by the alleged salvors at Honolulu; (d) legal expenses incurred in the defense of actions in rem brought by the alleged salvors in Honolulu — are not items of damage and the libel in só far as it makes claim for the aforesaid items is i>re-mature. “Third. A libel in rem has already been filed by the same libelant, claiming damages in respect of actions in rem brought by the alleged salvors against the cargo at Honolulu.” The claimant admits that the last filed libel sets up damages actually 1 sustained by libelant, cargo damage and interest paid on cargo drafts due to the delay in transportation, and offered to litigate those questions; but libelant insists that the ship must be bonded to provide for the other and larger items of damage. As only one cause of action is involved, an action on contract, the first exception is overruled. As well stated in libelant’s brief, the action is based upon the failure of the Valdura to deliver the cargo at New York, free of liens, as it had agreed by (he contract of affreightment; the Valdura having subjected it to a heavy lien for salvage at Honolulu. The various items of damage set forth in the second exception will nearly all (if not all) be included in libelant’s expenses incurred as a necessary result of the actions in rem brought by the alleged salvors of the cargo. That there is an actual liability for salvage services for which the libelant is answerable by its own ad [749] missions contained in the libel herein is plain; that liability is indeed to be determined, so far as the amount is concerned, but in view of the allegations of the libel, only the amount is to be fixed. That can be done in this action by a commissioner, under the authority of the decision of Judge Hough in the case of British & Foreign Marine Insurance Co., Limited, et al. v. Kilgour S. S. Co. (D. C.) 184 Fed. 174. There, it is true, the parties had agreed upon the actual amount of damage, yet nevertheless Judge Hough ordered a reference to determine the exact sum. Here the parties involved agree that some amount is due, although they have not settled upon any sum as in the Case of Kilgour, supra. Both sides rely upon Munson S. S. Line v. Glasgow Navigation Co., 235 Fed. 64, 148 C. C. A. 558. The facts are not exactly similar to those of the case now before the court, but there is no doubt that the Circuit Court of Appeals decided that the court below erroneously dismissed the libel; to that extent the case is authority for libelant’s contention that the libel has not been prematurely brought. If I were not fully satisfied that by filing this libel, a position has been assumed by libelant from which it cannot escape, namely, that it is liable for salvage in some amount, I should have some hesitation in overruling the exceptions ; but I am satisfied that a decree must follow for the salvage services, and in connection with that litigation, libelant has already paid out a substantial 'sum, so that it has undoubtedly been actually and permanently damaged. In order, however, that there may be no mistake upon this point, and that libelant here may not later change its position, and assume an attitude disclaiming liability in the salvage suits in which it may possibly prevail, the order to be made herein will provide that it is upon condition that this libelant admit for all purposes that it is under some liability for the salvage services, for which it must answer in damages. The -second and third exceptions are overruled. Other authorities ar,e cited, but they are not decisive of the points involved. A prompt determination is desirable, for which reason a more extended discussion is omitted. The interesting questions have been presented with great ability by the learned proctors for both parties, whose research and argument have been of material assistance to the court. The exceptions are overruled. Settle order on notice.