Magnusen v. Klemp

Mr. Justice Feinberg delivered the opinion of the court. From a decree directing an accounting, defendants prosecute this appeal. Plaintiff filed his complaint for accounting, alleging that he entered into an oral agreement with the defendants, by which he was employed as manager of their business upon a weekly salary and 25 per cent of the profits on jobs supervised or managed by him; that the contract could be terminated at any time, provided that plaintiff was to receive his agreed compensation during the time he was so employed; that under said agreement he managed and supervised said business from 1941 to 1946 and received his weekly salary and 25 per cent of the profits for those years, with the exception of the last six months of 1946, in which there is a balance due him; that in February 1947, plaintiff advised defendants of his desire to resign his position as manager, and that he would resign as manager before the end of the year 1947. The complaint seeks an accounting for the profits for the period in 1947 up to October 15. The answer of defendants denied that the agreement provided that the services of plaintiff could be terminated at any time by either party, and if so terminated, plaintiff was to receive his percentage of the profits during the period of his employment, but aver that on the contrary the agreement was that the employment of plaintiff was solely upon an annual basis, which rendered his right to a share of the profits dependent upon his remaining as manager during the entire year of employment, such share of the profits being reckoned as a percentage of the net annual profits and not otherwise. The answer admits that plaintiff was paid his weekly salary plus 25 per cent of the profits of the business for each of the years 1941 to and including 1946, except that there was still due and owing to plaintiff a balance of $1,770.59 less certain credits therein set forth. The answer avers that plaintiff terminated his services on August 1, 1947, and otherwise denies that plaintiff is entitled to an accounting for any of the profits for the year 1947. A hearing was had before the chancellor upon the complaint, "answer and reply, and upon the evidence the court entered a decree finding that plaintiff is entitled to an accounting, directing among other things “that the defendants account to the plaintiff for the unpaid balance due him of the twenty-five per centum (25%) of the net profits of the defendants’ business for the year 1946, together with twenty-five per centum (25%) of the net profits of defendants’ business during the year 1947, upon work performed during the period that plaintiff worked for defendants,” and referring the cause to a master to state the account. It appears that the method of accounting for the years 1941 to 1946, inclusive, was to settle for the percentage of the profits due plaintiff by paying one-half July 15 of the year following and the other half January 15 next succeeding. . The principal question arising upon this appeal is whether defendants’ version of the contract is correct and, if so, was plaintiff entitled to an accounting, since he voluntarily terminated his contract before the expiration of the year? On the other hand, plaintiff argues that the reasonable construction of the contract is that it was terminable at any time, and that he was entitled to his percentage of the net profits of the business for the year 1947 up to the time of the termination of his employment. We have analyzed the evidence and are persuaded that the contract could be terminated by either party at any time, and that plaintiff was entitled to 25 per cent of the profits for the year 1947 up to the time of the termination of employment, and because of the nature of the business engaged in by defendants and supervised by plaintiff an accounting would he necessary as to such profits. To adopt defendants’ view of the alleged contract would amount to a forfeiture on the part of plaintiff of his percentage of the profits for any part of 1947, if he were to terminate his employment even one day before the end of the year. We regard this as an unreasonable construction placed upon the evidence before us. Where the terms of the oral contract are in dispute, the finding of the chancellor should not he disturbed unless we can say it is against the manifest weight of the evidence. Finney v. White, 389 Ill. 374, 381. Defendants now urge that the reply filed to their answer did not deny the averment in the answer that plaintiff was not entitled to any profits for any year, unless he remained in his employment for the entire year claimed, and therefore the facts alleged in the answer must be accepted as true under the Practice Act. The holding in Cienki v. Rusnak, 398 Ill. 77, 89, is against defendants’ position. It was there held where, in the absence of a reply, defendant introduces evidence to prove an affirmative defense, the failure to file a reply is waived and the absence of a reply does not constitute an admission. Defendants also contend that the suit was prematurely brought; that no right of action existed at the time, and therefore cannot be maintained since the amount claimed, if due plaintiff, was not payable until after the present action was filed. In support of this contention they rely upon such cases as Hamlin, Hale & Co. v. Race, 78 Ill. 422; Bacon v. Schepflin, 185 Ill. 122, and Ginsburg v. Prudential Ins. Co., 294 Ill. App. 324, which were actions at law to recover money due. It was held in these cases that a plaintiff cannot recover for money not due at the institution of the suit. The rule in these cases is easily distinguished from the rule in equity cases, as was so clearly stated in Town of Kaneville v. Meredith, 361 Ill. 556, 569. It was there said: “While in an action at law the rights of the parties áre determined as of the time of the beginning of the action, a decree in chancery is a determination of the rights of the parties to the suit according to equity and good conscience, and where relief is granted by a decree, it is such as the nature of the case, the law and the facts demand — not at the time of the inception of the litigation but at the time the decree is entered therein.” Langguth v. Village of Glencoe, 253 Ill. 505, is not applicable because it is a common-law action and the condition precedent, requiring, under the statute, notice of the injury to the village, was not satisfied; therefore the action could not be maintained. Harkin v. Ferro Concrete Const. Co., 185 Ill. App. 239, is also a common-law action for personal injuries, where it was held that the pleadings must primarily relate to the time when the action was commenced and must be based on facts and causes of action as they existed then, which, of course, has no application to the instant case. Brownback v. Keister, 220 Ill. 544, was an equity action to construe a will, to remove a cloud upon title, and to decree that complainant is entitled to possession of the premises in question. A demurrer to the bill was sustained, and leave to file a supplemental bill was denied. It was there held that plaintiff had no right of action at the time of the filing of the bill of complaint because his interest was purely a contingent remainder; that his interest was not strengthened by conveyances to him by other contingent remainder-men; and that the court did not err in refusing complainant leave to file a supplemental bill, because the original bill failed to show any ground for relief, and it could not be aided by supplemental bill upon matters arising since the filing of the original. It is obvious to us that these cases, so readily distinguishable and relied upon, are not applicable to the instant case. In the instant case, as we have already pointed out, if plaintiff’s version of the contract is correct, then the liability of defendants to account for the percentage of profits for the year 1947 up to the time of termination of employment, fully accrued at the end of the year and before this action was brought. The mere fact that the payment was not to be made until later does not militate against such duty to account and comes clearly within the doctrine of Town of Kaneville v. Meredith, supra, that when the final decree upon the accounting is entered, the amount owing, if any, would be fully due. We think the chancellor was correct in directing an accounting as provided in said decree. The decree is affirmed. Affirmed. Tuohy, P. J. concurs.