United States ex rel. Trane Co. v. Raymar Contracting Corp.

HAYS, Circuit Judge: Use-plaintiff The Trane Company appeals from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, LLOYD F. MacMAHON, Judge, dismissing its complaint against defendants Benjamin Gel-man, doing business as Gelco Builders, Bur jay Construction Corporation, National Surety Corporation and The Hanover Insurance Company after trial without a jury in a suit under the Miller Act, 40 U.S.C. §§ 270a-270d (1964), against a prime contractor and its sureties. Defendant Raymar Contracting Corp. defaulted by failing to appear and plead. In March, 1960 defendant Gelco-Burjay entered into a contract with the federal government for the installation of an air-conditioning system at the General Post Office and Morgan Annex in New York City. Defendant National Surety Corporation and the Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance Company (succeeded by defendant The Hanover Insurance Company), as co-sureties, furnished a Miller Act payment bond on behalf of Geleo-Burjay, as principal, pursuant to 40 U.S.C. § 270a (1964). Gelco-Burjay made a subcontract with defendant Raymar to do a part of the work. On April 19, 1960, Raymar, following negotiations with Jack Kliesrath, a salesman from Trane’s New York City office, ordered certain air-conditioning equipment from Trane. Trane’s principal place of business is in La Crosse, Wisconsin. Trane delivered the equipment to the construction site by November 1, 1960 and thereafter billed Raymar for the [282] agreed price of $39,703.05. In January, 1961 Trane gave Gelco-Burjay a timely Miller Act ninety-day notice, pursuant to 40 U.S.C. § 270b(a) (1964), stating that this amount was due and owing from Raymar and that the last date of furnishing material was November 1, 1960. In April, 1961 Raymar defaulted on its subcontract and Gelco-Burjay undertook completion of Raymar’s work. Gel-man, as agent for Gelco-Burjay, telephoned Trane’s New York office to inquire about purchasing electric motors to be used with the air-conditioning equipment. Trane does not manufacture electric motors. Gelman was referred to Kliesrath, met with him and gave him an order for electric motors on April 28, 1961. The contract provided that the notes were to be paid for upon receipt and that payment was to be made to “Long Island Trane Service Co.,” under which name Kliesrath had filed a certificate of doing business. Without notifying Trane, Kliesrath ordered the motors from General Dynamics Corporation. The last delivery of the motors was made on July 10, 1961. Kliesrath sent invoices to Gelco-Burjay totalling $3,-235.00 for the motors on July 18, 1961. The invoices were on a billhead which read: “The Trane Company, Long Island Trane Service Co., 88 Cold Spring Road, Syosset, L. I., N. Y.”; they specifically directed that all checks should be made payable to the “Long Island Trane Service Co.” Gelco-Burjay immediately made payment by checks payable to “Long Island Trane Service Co.” Kliesrath endorsed the checks and converted the proceeds to his own use. Trane commenced this Miller Act suit on June 26, 1962. It seeks to recover both the purchase price of the air-conditioning equipment and the purchase price of the motors. Section 270b(b) of the Miller Act provides that a supplier may not commence a suit “after the expiration of one year after the day on which the last of the labor was performed or material was supplied by him.” The commencement of this action was within one year after the last delivery by General Dynamics under the agreement for the purchase of the electric motors but more than one year after the last delivery by Trane of air-conditioning equipment. Trane argues that its suit is timely because the two agreements constituted a single contract. The evidence does not support Trane’s theory. The first agreement was made between Raymar and Trane, the parties to the second agreement were Gelco-Burjay and Kliesrath, or Kliesrath’s alter ego, Long Island Trane Service Co. Trane was not even aware of Gelco-Burjay’s purchase of the motors until long after the transaction took place. Kliesrath purchased the motors from General Dynamics Corporation without notifying Trane. Trane cannot now, for the purpose of reviving its contract with Ray-mar, claim to have been a party to Gel-co-Burjay’s contract to purchase motors from General Dynamics. Trane argues that it became a party to the purchase of the motors by ratifying Kliesrath’s activity. The motors were purchased from Kliesrath who ordered them from General Dynamics Corporation and gave no notice to Trane. Payment was made to Kliesrath through his “Long Island Trane Service Co.,” as provided in his contract with Gelco-Burjay. Trane did not learn of the contract until months after both the last delivery of the motors and the making of payment for them. Trane thus had no connection with the motors contract and it cannot now “ratify” a transaction to which it was an utter stranger. In any event “ratification” would not aid Trane in its suit under the motors contract because Trane could not ratify Kliesrath’s other activity without also ratifying his receipt of payment. Affirmed.