State v. Zumwalt

This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Appellate Reports. Please see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does not include the filing date. 1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO 2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO, 3 Plaintiff-Appellee, 4 v. NO. 32,006 5 LAWRENCE P. ZUMWALT, 6 Defendant-Appellant. 7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF LUNA COUNTY 8 Daniel Viramontes, District Judge 9 Gary K. King, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM 11 for Appellee 12 Bennett J. Baur, Acting Chief Public Defender 13 Karl Erich Martell, Assistant Appellate Defender 14 Santa Fe, NM 15 for Appellant 16 MEMORANDUM OPINION 17 VANZI, Judge. 18 Defendant appeals his conviction for driving under the influence (“DUI”). We 19 proposed to affirm in a calendar notice, and Defendant has filed a memorandum in 1 opposition to our calendar notice. We have considered Defendant’s arguments but are 2 not persuaded by them. We therefore affirm. 3 Defendant continues to argue that he received ineffective assistance of counsel. 4 [MIO 12-16] He recognizes that his claims were not developed below, and that he has 5 the burden of establishing ineffective assistance. Accordingly, he asks this Court to 6 remand the case to the district court for a hearing at which the facts necessary to 7 support his claim might be adduced. He maintains that since the case is already before 8 this Court, it would not comport with judicial economy to require him to resort to 9 collateral proceedings. [MIO 15] However, this is not one of those unusual cases in 10 which a remand for a hearing is warranted. See State v. Baca, 1997-NMSC-059, ¶ 25 , [11] 124 N.M. 333 , 950 P.2d 776 (“A record on appeal that provides a basis for remanding 12 to the trial court for an evidentiary hearing on ineffective assistance of counsel is 13 rare.”). A remand should be granted only where there is a prima facie showing of 14 ineffective assistance on the record before the appellate court. See State v. 15 Arrendondo, 2012-NMSC-013, ¶ 38 , 278 P.3d 517 . In this case, as the calendar notice 16 discusses, the facts purporting to establish either trial counsel’s subpar performance 17 or the resulting prejudice to Defendant, or both, are not of record. Under those 18 circumstances Defendant’s remedy, if any, lies in habeas corpus. See id. 19 Defendant requests that, if this Court decides reversal and remand for an 20 evidentiary hearing is not an appropriate resolution of the appeal, we make it clear our [2] 1 decision has no preclusive effect regarding any future habeas corpus proceedings he 2 may file. The above discussion establishes this: Defendant’s claims implicate facts 3 that are not of record at this point, and he must therefore find his remedy, if at all, 4 through the habeas corpus process. This opinion of course cannot have preclusive 5 effect with respect to facts that may be developed in the future during any habeas 6 corpus proceedings Defendant may pursue. 7 Defendant continues to argue that the recording he offered into evidence was 8 not hearsay and the trial court abused its discretion in excluding the recording. [MIO 9 16] For the reasons stated in the calendar notice, we disagree. 10 Defendant also renews his contentions that the prosecutor should not have been 11 allowed to first argue for an aggravated DUI conviction, and then improperly “amend” 12 the charge to simple DUI. [MIO 17-18] As the calendar notice discussed, we do not 13 agree that any amendment of the charge occurred and we find no error in the trial 14 court’s action of convicting Defendant of simple DUI, the only charge he actually 15 faced in his appeal to the district court. To the extent Defendant may be arguing that 16 the prosecutor committed misconduct by initially arguing for aggravated DUI rather 17 than simple DUI, we point out Defendant suffered no prejudice as a result. Defendant 18 was not convicted of aggravated DUI and the prosecutor’s misplaced argument 19 therefore had no effect on the result of the case. See, e.g., In re Crystal L., 2002- [3] 1 NMCA-063, ¶ 17, 132 N.M. 349 , 48 P.3d 87 (prosecutorial misconduct will not lead 2 to reversal in the absence of prejudice to the defendant). 3 Defendant again maintains there was insufficient evidence to convict him of 4 simple DUI. [MIO 18-19] Our calendar notice discussed this issue in detail, and 5 Defendant’s memorandum in opposition does not convince us that the discussion was 6 legally or factually erroneous. Therefore, we find the evidence was sufficient to 7 support the conviction. 8 For the reasons discussed in this opinion and in our calendar notice, we affirm 9 Defendant’s DUI conviction. 10 IT IS SO ORDERED. 11 __________________________________ 12 LINDA M. VANZI, Judge 13 WE CONCUR: 14 _________________________________ 15 JAMES W. WECHSLER, Judge 16 _________________________________ 17 M. MONICA ZAMORA, Judge