State v. J Downs

1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO 2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO, 3 Plaintiff-Appellee, 4 v. NO. 28,490 5 JOSEPH P. DOWNS, 6 Defendant-Appellant. 7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF COLFAX COUNTY 8 John M. Paternoster, District Judge 9 Gary K. King, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM 11 for Appellee 12 Hugh W. Dangler, Chief Public Defender 13 J.K. Theodosia Johnson, Assistant Appellate Defender 14 Santa Fe, NM 15 for Appellant 16 MEMORANDUM OPINION 17 CASTILLO, Judge. 18 Defendant appeals his convictions for careless driving, failure to stop upon 19 accidents involving damage, failure to give information, and failure to report accidents 1 immediately. [RP 54-55] We issued a calendar notice proposing to summarily affirm 2 on October 16, 2008. [Ct. App. file-blue clip] Defendant has responded with a 3 memorandum in opposition and a motion to amend the docketing statement. After due 4 consideration, we remain unpersuaded by Defendant’s various assertions of error. We 5 therefore affirm. 6 We will begin with Defendant’s motion to amend the docketing statement, by 7 which Defendant seeks to assert that he received ineffective assistance of counsel and 8 that the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction for careless driving. [MIO 9 1, 8-12] With respect to Defendant’s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, we 10 deny the motion to amend the docketing statement on the ground that the record 11 before us is insufficient. There is a two-fold test for proving ineffective assistance of 12 counsel: the defendant must show that the counsel’s performance fell below that of 13 a reasonably competent attorney and that the defendant was prejudiced by the 14 deficient performance. See State v. Hester, 1999-NMSC-020, ¶ 9 , 127 N.M. 218 , 979 15 P.2d 729 . The burden of proof is on the defendant to prove both prongs. Id. In his 16 motion to amend, Defendant claims that his counsel refused to listen to him and was 17 not aware of relevant statutes and case law. However, there is nothing in the record 18 to support these assertions. Defendant also claims that he was prejudiced by his 19 counsel’s failure to subpoena Ralph Nuno as a witness. However, as discussed more [2] 1 below, we do not believe that Defendant has established that he was prejudiced by the 2 absence of Nuno as a witness. See In re Ernesto M., Jr., 1996-NMCA-039 , ¶ 10, 121 3 N.M. 562 , 915 P.2d 318 (“An assertion of prejudice is not a showing of prejudice.”). 4 We are therefore not in a position to consider the claim of ineffective assistance of 5 counsel. See State v. Powers, 111 N.M. 10, 12 , 800 P.2d 1067, 1069 (Ct. App. 1990) 6 (holding that an insufficient factual basis precludes appellate review of a claim of 7 ineffective assistance of counsel). We note, however, that Defendant may pursue 8 habeas proceedings as a more appropriate mechanism for obtaining review. See State 9 v. Roybal, 2002-NMSC-027, ¶ 19 , 132 N.M. 657 , 54 P.3d 61 (“If facts necessary to 10 a full determination are not part of the record, an ineffective assistance claim is more 11 properly brought through a habeas corpus petition[.]”); State v. Martinez, [12] 1996-NMCA-109 , ¶ 25, 122 N.M. 476 , 927 P.2d 31 (“This Court has expressed its 13 preference for habeas corpus proceedings over remand when the record on appeal 14 does not establish a prima facie case of ineffective assistance of counsel.”). 15 Defendant also argues that the evidence was not sufficient to convict him of 16 careless driving. [MIO 8-10] However, Defendant has not presented a sufficient 17 recitation of the testimony of the witnesses and evidence against him at trial for us to 18 evaluate his claim that the evidence was not sufficient. See Rule 12-213(A)(3) NMRA 19 (“A contention that a verdict, judgment or finding of fact is not supported by [3] 1 substantial evidence shall be deemed waived unless the summary of proceedings 2 includes the substance of the evidence bearing upon the proposition.”). For these 3 reasons, we determine that the issues Defendant seeks to raise in his motion to amend 4 the docketing statement are not viable and we deny the motion. See State v. Moore, [5] 109 N.M. 119, 128-29 , 782 P.2d 91, 100-01 (Ct. App. 1989) (stating that issues 6 sought to be presented in a motion to amend the docketing statement must be viable), 7 superseded by rule on other grounds as stated in State v. Salgado, 112 N.M. 537 , 817 8 P.2d 730 (Ct. App. 1991). We now turn to Defendant’s other issues. 9 Defendant argues that the district court erred in refusing to grant him a 10 continuance to secure the presence of Nuno. [MIO 4-5] “The grant or denial of a 11 continuance is within the sound discretion of the trial court, and the burden of 12 establishing abuse of discretion rests with the defendant.” State v. Salazar, [13] 2007-NMSC-004, ¶ 10 , 141 N.M. 148 , 152 P.3d 135 . “Defendant must establish not 14 only an abuse of discretion, but also that the abuse was ‘to the injury of the 15 defendant.’” Id. (quoting State v. Nieto, 78 N.M. 155, 157 , 429 P.2d 353, 355 (1967)). 16 There are a number of factors that trial courts should consider in 17 evaluating a motion for continuance, including the length of the 18 requested delay, the likelihood that a delay would accomplish the 19 movant’s objectives, the existence of previous continuances in the same 20 matter, the degree of inconvenience to the parties and the court, the 21 legitimacy of the motives in requesting the delay, the fault of the movant 22 in causing a need for the delay, and the prejudice to the movant in 23 denying the motion. [4] 1 State v. Torres, 1999-NMSC-010, ¶ 10 , 127 N.M. 20 , 976 P.2d 20 . 2 Defendant argues that Nuno’s testimony was critical to the defense. Defendant 3 represents that Nuno would have testified that another driver was “driving like an 4 idiot” and that he caused the near accident. [MIO 3] However, Defendant makes no 5 argument and gives us no information regarding the other Torres factors. 6 Additionally, it appears that Nuno’s testimony would have been cumulative of the 7 testimony of Defendant and his other witnesses. Under these circumstances, we see 8 no basis for determining that the district court abused its discretion in denying 9 Defendant’s motion for a continuance. 10 We also reject Defendant’s argument that the trial court’s denial of a 11 continuance denied him his rights to compulsory process, a fair trial, and due process 12 of law under the state and federal constitutions. [MIO5-6] There is no indication that 13 any state constitutional claims were preserved, and we therefore do not address them. 14 Cf. State v. Gomez, 1997-NMSC-006, ¶¶ 22-23 , 122 N.M. 777 , 932 P.2d 1 (discussing 15 requirements for preserving state constitutional claims for appellate review). 16 Additionally, we do not believe that Defendant has established that he was unable to 17 put on a defense or that a potential avenue of defense was unavailable to him because 18 of the absence of Nuno. Cf. March v. State, 105 N.M. 453, 456 , 734 P.2d 231 , 234 19 (1987) (trial court denied defendant his right to due process and right to subpoena [5] 1 witnesses where the refusal to grant a continuance to secure the presence of a witness 2 resulted in a complete deprivation of a defense of incapacity). We therefore reject 3 these claims. 4 We also reject Defendant’s argument that the State was required to present the 5 same testimony in the de novo district court trial as it did in the magistrate court trial. 6 Defendant cites to no authority in support of this contention. This Court will not 7 consider propositions that are unsupported by citation to authority. See ITT Educ. 8 Servs., Inc. v. Taxation & Revenue Dep’t, 1998-NMCA-078, ¶ 10 , 125 N.M. 244 , 959 9 P.2d 969 . We also disagree with Defendant’s argument that the State was required to 10 subpoena Nuno as a witness because his testimony was crucial. [MIO 7] We find no 11 indication in the record, and Defendant does not argue, that the State made any 12 representations that it would call Nuno as a witness at the district court trial. Cf. State 13 v. Candelaria, 2008-NMCA-120, ¶¶ 20-21 , 144 N.M. 797 , 192 P.3d 792 (rejecting the 14 state’s argument that it had no duty to subpoena the complaining officer where the 15 state made representations that it would make the officer available for trial and the 16 defendant reasonably relied on those representations). We therefore reject 17 Defendant’s argument that the State had a duty to subpoena Nuno. 18 Finally, Defendant argues that the district court erred in finding that the State 19 was not required to file a witness list in this case. Rule 5-501(A)(5) NMRA requires [6] 1 the State to provide the defense with a list of all witnesses which the prosecutor 2 intends to call at trial. In this case, there is no indication that the State complied with 3 this requirement. However, we do not believe that Defendant was prejudiced by the 4 State’s failure to provide a witness list. See State v. Manus, 93 N.M. 95, 104 , 597 5 P.2d 280 , 289 ( 1979) (stating that a defendant must show prejudice from the state’s 6 failure to comply with disclosure rules), overruled on other grounds by Sells v. State, [7] 98 N.M. 786 , 653 P.2d 162 (1979). There were no surprise witnesses in the de novo 8 district court trial. The witnesses at the district court trial had appeared at the 9 magistrate court trial. See State v. Quintana, 86 N.M. 666, 668-69 , 526 P.2d 808 , 10 810-11 (Ct. App. 1974) (stating that where the defense knew of the existence of the 11 witnesses before trial, there was substantial compliance with the rule). Defendant also 12 argues that he was prejudiced by the State’s failure to provide a witness list because 13 he was not aware until trial that the State did not plan to call Nuno as a witness. [MIO 14 7-8] However, as Defendant represents that Nuno’s testimony in the magistrate court 15 trial was entirely favorable to him, we do not think that it was reasonable for 16 Defendant to expect that the State would call him as a witness at the de novo district 17 court trial. For these reasons, we hold that Defendant was not prejudiced by the 18 State’s failure to file a witness list. 19 For these reasons, we affirm Defendant’s convictions. [7] 1 IT IS SO ORDERED. 2 ________________________________ 3 CELIA FOY CASTILLO, Judge 4 WE CONCUR: 5 _________________________________ 6 JAMES J. WECHSLER, Judge 7 _________________________________ 8 MICHAEL D. BUSTAMANTE, Judge