C. A. 6th Cir. Certiorari denied.
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Opinion
513 U.S. 1129 · Supreme Court of the United States · Jan 23, 1995
Eighth Circuit · Jul 11, 1997
District Court of Appeal of Florida · Jun 12, 1997
S.D. Iowa · Apr 14, 1997
Fifth Circuit · Jan 21, 1997
First Circuit · Oct 15, 1996
Tenth Circuit · Apr 18, 1996
Ninth Circuit · Apr 1, 1996
Parentheticals
noting that in Ratzlaf, the Court "construed the term 'willfully' in the anti-structuring provisions of the Bank Secrecy Act to require both that the defendant knew he was structuring transactions to avoid reporting requirements and that he knew his acts were unlawful."
United States v. Gary Tipton, United States of America v. Edward Purmort
noting that in Ratzlaf, the Court “construed the term ‘willfully’ in the anti-structuring provisions of the Bank Secrecy Act to require both that the defendant knew he was structuring transactions to avoid reporting requirements and that he knew his acts were unlawful.”
United States v. Gary Tipton, United States of America v. Edward Purmort