Federal Trade Commission v. Noland, Jr.

1 WO 2 3 4 5 6 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 7 FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA 8 9 Federal Trade Commission, No. CV-20-00047-PHX-DWL 10 Plaintiff, AMENDED ORDER 11 v. 12 James D Noland, Jr., et al., 13 Defendants. 14 15 Plaintiff, the Federal Trade Commission, has filed a Complaint for Permanent 16 Injunction and Other Equitable Relief pursuant to Section 13(b) of the Federal Trade 17 Commission Act (“FTC Act”), 15 U.S.C. § 53(b) and has moved for a temporary 18 restraining order (“TRO”), asset freeze, other equitable relief, and an order to show cause 19 why a preliminary injunction should not issue against individual defendants James D. 20 Noland, Jr. (“Jay Noland”), Lina Noland (“Lina Noland”), Scott A. Harris (“Harris”), and 21 Thomas G. Sacca (“Sacca”)1 (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”) and corporate 22 entities Success by Media Holdings Inc. and Success by Media LLC (together, the 23 “Corporate Defendants” or “Success By Media”). (Doc. 3 [complaint]; Doc. 7 [motion for 24 TRO]; Doc. 8 [supporting memorandum].) 25 As explained below, although the Court generally agrees that the FTC has met its 26 1 The Court originally entered an earlier version of this Order against Thomas G. Sacca, Jr. (Doc. 21.) The FTC has since indicated that the proper defendant is Thomas G. 27 Sacca, and that Sacca Jr. has no involvement in this case. (Doc. 36.) To that end, the FTC moved to apply this Order to Sacca and lift it as to Sacca Jr. That motion is granted, and 28 the Court now reissues the Order reflecting that change. The contents remain the same otherwise.

1 burden of establishing an entitlement to a TRO, the Court declines to issue the writ ne exeat 2 republica sought by the FTC as to James Noland. The Court also finds that the FTC has 3 not made a specific showing necessary to justify all of the relief it seeks as to Sacca. The 4 motion is otherwise granted. 5 FINDINGS OF FACT 6 The Court, having considered the Complaint, the ex parte Motion for TRO, 7 declarations, exhibits, and the memorandum filed in support thereof, and being otherwise 8 advised, finds that: 9 A. This Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter of this case, and there is 10 good cause to believe that it will have jurisdiction over all parties hereto and that venue in 11 this district is proper. 12 B. There is good cause to believe that Defendants have operated and promoted 13 a marketing scheme in which they are: 14 1. Operating as an illegal pyramid scheme; 15 2. Falsely representing that members of the Success By Health program 16 (called “Affiliates”) are likely to earn substantial income; 17 3. Providing the means and instrumentalities for the commission of 18 deceptive acts and practices by furnishing Affiliates with promotional 19 materials containing false and misleading representations to be used 20 in recruiting new participants; 21 4. Not providing consumers with required notices about their right to 22 cancel and obtain a refund, or providing consumers with such a refund 23 when requested, for certain sales; and 24 5. For products not shipped within 30 days from purchase, not providing 25 consumers a revised shipping date and the opportunity to cancel and 26 receive a refund, and not providing such refund when requested. 27 C. There is good cause to believe that Defendants have engaged in and are likely 28 to engage in acts or practices that violate Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 45(a);

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1 the Mail, Internet, or Telephone Order Merchandise Rule (“Merchandise Rule”), 16 C.F.R. 2 Part 435; and the Rule Concerning Cooling-Off Period for Sales Made at Homes or at 3 Certain Other Locations (“Cooling-Off Rule”), 16 C.F.R. Part 429, and that Plaintiff is 4 therefore likely to prevail on the merits of this action. As demonstrated by detailed 5 evidence, including statements from consumers and Defendants’ former Affiliates, sales 6 scripts, recruiting scripts and presentations, promotional videos, transcripts of Success By 7 Media events and conference calls, videos and recordings of Defendants, and expert 8 testimony, the FTC has established a likelihood of success in showing that Defendants have 9 operated an illegal pyramid scheme and made false, misleading, and deceptive 10 misrepresentations. 11 D. There is good cause to believe that immediate and irreparable harm will result 12 from Defendants’ ongoing violations of the FTC Act, the Merchandise Rule, and the 13 Cooling-Off Rule unless Defendants are restrained and enjoined by order of this Court. 14 E. There is good cause to believe that immediate and irreparable damage to the 15 Court’s ability to grant effective final relief for consumers – including monetary restitution, 16 rescission, disgorgement, or refunds – will likely occur from the sale, transfer, destruction 17 or other disposition or concealment by Defendants of their assets or records, unless 18 Defendants are immediately restrained and enjoined by order of this Court; and that, in 19 accordance with Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(b), the interests of justice require that this Order be 20 granted without prior notice to Defendants. Thus, there is good cause for relieving Plaintiff 21 of the duty to provide Defendants with prior notice of its Motion for a Temporary 22 Restraining Order.2 23 2 With that said, and as discussed during the hearing on January 9, 2020, the Court has some concern about its authority to grant a TRO in this context without providing 24 notice to the restrained parties. The plain text of 15 U.S.C. § 53(b), under which the FTC brings this action, states that a TRO may issue only “after notice to the defendant.” That 25 said, the Ninth Circuit has read two distinct provisos into the statute. FTC v. Consumer Defense, LLC, 926 F.3d 1208, 1212 (9th Cir. 2019). Under the second proviso, which the 26 FTC utilizes here, the Ninth Circuit has stressed that district courts have the authority “to grant any ancillary relief necessary to accomplish complete justice because [§ 53(b)] did 27 not limit that traditional equitable power.” FTC v. H. N. Singer, Inc. 668 F.2d 1107, 1113 (1982). Although Singer and Consumer Defense did not specifically address whether these 28 broad equitable powers include the ability to issue a no-notice TRO at the FTC’s request— and although the second proviso of § 53(b) only mentions permanent injunctions, not

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1 F. Good cause exists for appointing a temporary receiver over the Receivership 2 Entities, freezing Defendants’ assets, permitting the Plaintiff and the Receiver immediate 3 access to the Defendants’ business premises, and permitting the Plaintiff and the 4 Temporary Receiver to take expedited discovery. 5 G. Weighing the equities and considering Plaintiff’s likelihood of ultimate 6 success on the merits, a temporary restraining order with an asset freeze, the appointment 7 of a temporary receiver, immediate access to business premises, expedited discovery, and 8 other equitable relief is in the public interest. That said, the evidence produced by the FTC 9 does not justify the extraordinary relief of a writ ne exeat republica. 10 H. This Court has authority to issue this Order pursuant to Section 13(b) of the 11 FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. § 53(b); Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65; and the All Writs Act, 28 12 U.S.C. § 1651. 13 I. No security is required of any agency of the United States for issuance of a 14 temporary restraining order. Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(c). 15 DEFINITIONS 16 For the purpose of this Order, the following definitions shall apply: 17 A. “Asset” means any legal or equitable interest in, right to, or claim to, any 18 property, wherever located and by whomever held, whether tangible, intangible, digital, or 19 otherwise, including, but not limited to, digital currencies, virtual currencies, digital tokens, 20 and cryptocurrencies. 21 B. “Corporate Defendants” means Success By Media Holdings Inc. and 22 Success By Media LLC and each of their subsidiaries, affiliates, successors, and assigns. 23 C. “Defendants” means the Corporate Defendants, James D. Noland, Jr., Lina 24 Noland, Scott A. Harris, and Thomas G. Sacca, individually, collectively, or in any 25 combination. 26 D. “Document” is synonymous in meaning and equal in scope to the usage of 27 “document” and “electronically stored information” in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 28 TROs—the Court acknowledges that many other district courts faced with this question have granted the relief the FTC seeks.

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1 34(a) and includes writings, drawings, graphs, charts, photographs, sound and video 2 recordings, images, Internet sites, web pages, websites, electronic correspondence, 3 including e-mail and instant messages, contracts, accounting data, advertisements, FTP 4 Logs, Server Access Logs, books, written or printed records, handwritten notes, telephone 5 logs, telephone scripts, receipt books, ledgers, personal and business canceled checks and 6 check registers, bank statements, appointment books, computer records, customer or sales 7 databases and any other electronically stored information, including Documents located on 8 remote servers or cloud computing systems, and other data or data compilations from 9 which information can be obtained directly or, if necessary, after translation into a 10 reasonably usable form. A draft or non-identical copy is a separate document within the 11 meaning of the term. 12 E. “Electronic Data Host” means any person or entity in the business of 13 storing, hosting, or otherwise maintaining electronically stored information. This includes, 14 but is not limited to, any entity hosting a website or server, and any entity providing “cloud 15 based” electronic storage. 16 F. “Individual Defendant(s)” means James D. Noland, Jr., Lina Noland, Scott 17 A. Harris, and Thomas G. Sacca, individually, collectively, or in any combination. 18 G. “Marketing Program” includes, but is not limited to, any multilevel, 19 affiliate, or network marketing program, business opportunity, pyramid marketing scheme, 20 Ponzi scheme, or chain marketing scheme. 21 H. “Temporary Receiver” means the temporary receiver appointed in Section 22 XV of this Order and any deputy receivers that shall be named by the temporary receiver. 23 I. “Receivership Entities” means Corporate Defendants as well as any other 24 entity that has conducted any business related to Defendants’ marketing of programs, 25 opportunities, or services offered by Success By Media, including receipt of Assets derived 26 from any activity that is the subject of the Complaint in this matter, and that the Temporary 27 Receiver determines is controlled or owned by any Defendant. 28

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1 ORDER 2 I. PROHIBITED BUSINESS ACTIVITIES 3 IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 4 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with them, 5 who receive actual notice of this Order by personal service or otherwise, whether acting 6 directly or indirectly, in connection with the advertising, marketing, promoting, or offering 7 for sale of any Marketing Program, are temporarily restrained and enjoined from: 8 A. Engaging in, participating in, assisting others, or providing others with the 9 means and instrumentalities to engage or participate in, any Marketing Program that: 10 1. Pays compensation for recruiting new members; 11 2. Encourages or incentivizes members to purchase goods or services to 12 obtain or maintain eligibility for bonuses, rewards, or commissions 13 rather than for resale or personal use; 14 3. Induces others to encourage or incentivize members to purchase 15 goods or services to obtain or maintain eligibility for bonuses, 16 rewards, or commissions rather than for resale or personal use; 17 4. Pays any compensation related to the purchase or sale of goods or 18 services unless such compensation is for sales to or purchases by 19 persons who are not members of the Marketing Program and who 20 were not being recruited to become members of the Marketing 21 Program; 22 5. Fails to monitor and take all reasonable steps necessary to ensure that 23 any compensation paid is for sales to or purchases by persons who are 24 not members of the Marketing Program and who were not being 25 recruited to become members of the Marketing Program; or 26 6. Constitutes a pyramid scheme or chain marketing scheme. 27 B. Misrepresenting, or assisting others in misrepresenting, directly or indirectly, 28 expressly or by implication, any material fact, including, but not limited to, that consumers

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1 who participate in a Marketing Program will receive or are likely to receive substantial 2 income, as well as any other fact material to consumers concerning any good or service, 3 such as: the total costs; any material restrictions, limitations, or conditions; or any material 4 aspect of its performance, efficacy, nature, or central characteristics. 5 C. For any sale for $25 or more made at the residence of the buyer, or of $130 6 or more for sales made at a location other than Defendants’ place of business, failing (1) to 7 inform any consumer, orally and in writing in a bold, size 10-point font, of the consumer’s 8 right to cancel the purchase without penalty within 3 business days and obtain a full refund; 9 and (2) failing to provide such refund within 10 business days of request. 10 D. Failing, with respect to any merchandise sold by Defendants by mail, via the 11 Internet, or by telephone that is not shipped within 30 days or within any other time that is 12 clearly and conspicuously displayed at the time of purchase, to offer the buyer the option 13 to cancel the order and receive a full refund or to consent to a delay; and failing to provide 14 consumers a refund when requested under those conditions. 15 II. PROHIBITION ON RELEASE OF CUSTOMER INFORMATION 16 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 17 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any 18 of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly or indirectly, are 19 hereby temporarily restrained and enjoined from: 20 A. Selling, renting, leasing, transferring, or otherwise disclosing, the name, 21 address, birth date, telephone number, email address, credit card number, bank account 22 number, Social Security number, or other financial or identifying information of any person 23 that any Defendant obtained in connection with any activity that pertains to the subject 24 matter of this Order; and 25 B. Benefitting from or using the name, address, birth date, telephone number, 26 email address, credit card number, bank account number, Social Security number, or other 27 financial or identifying information of any person that any Defendant obtained in 28 connection with any activity that pertains to the subject matter of this Order.

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1 Provided, however, that Defendants may disclose such identifying information to a 2 law enforcement agency, to their attorneys as required for their defense, as required by any 3 law, regulation, or court order, or in any filings, pleadings, or discovery in this action in 4 the manner required by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and by any protective order 5 in the case. 6 III. ASSET FREEZE 7 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants and their officers, agents, 8 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any 9 of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly or indirectly, are 10 hereby temporarily restrained and enjoined from: 11 A. Transferring, liquidating, converting, encumbering, pledging, loaning, 12 selling, concealing, dissipating, disbursing, assigning, relinquishing, spending, 13 withdrawing, granting a lien or security interest or other interest in, or otherwise disposing 14 of any Assets that are: 15 1. owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Defendant; 16 2. held, in part or in whole, for the benefit of any Defendant; 17 3. in the actual or constructive possession of any Defendant; or 18 4. owned or controlled by, in the actual or constructive possession of, or 19 otherwise held for the benefit of, any corporation, partnership, asset 20 protection trust, or other entity that is directly or indirectly owned, 21 managed or controlled by any Defendant; 22 B. Opening or causing to be opened any safe deposit boxes, commercial mail 23 boxes, or storage facilities titled or leased in the name of any Defendant, or subject to 24 access by any Defendant, except as necessary to comply with written requests from the 25 Temporary Receiver acting pursuant to its authority under this Order; 26 C. Incurring charges or cash advances on any credit, debit, or ATM card issued 27 in the name, individually or jointly, of any Corporate Defendant or any corporation, 28 partnership, or other entity directly or indirectly owned, managed, or controlled by any

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1 Defendant or of which any Defendant is an officer, director, member, or manager. This 2 includes any corporate bankcard or corporate credit card account for which any Defendant 3 is, or was on the date that this Order was signed, an authorized signor; or 4 D. Cashing any checks or depositing any money orders or cash received from 5 consumers, clients, or customers of any Defendant. 6 The Assets affected by this Section shall include: (1) all Assets of Defendants as of 7 the time this Order is entered; and (2) Assets obtained by Defendants after this Order is 8 entered if those Assets are derived from any activity that is the subject of the Complaint in 9 this matter or that is prohibited by this Order. This Section does not prohibit any transfers 10 to the Temporary Receiver or repatriation of foreign Assets specifically required by this 11 Order or expenditures by the Individual Defendants for minor, day-to-day living expenses. 12 IV. DUTIES OF ASSET HOLDERS AND OTHER THIRD PARTIES 13 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that any financial or brokerage institution, 14 Electronic Data Host, credit card processor, payment processor, merchant bank, acquiring 15 bank, independent sales organization, third party processor, payment gateway, insurance 16 company, business entity, or person who receives actual notice of this Order (by service or 17 otherwise) that: 18 (a) has held, controlled, or maintained custody, through an account or otherwise, 19 of any Document on behalf of any Defendant or any Asset that has been owned or 20 controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Defendant; held, in part or in whole, for the benefit 21 of any Defendant; in the actual or constructive possession of any Defendant; or owned or 22 controlled by, in the actual or constructive possession of, or otherwise held for the benefit 23 of, any corporation, partnership, asset protection trust, or other entity that is directly or 24 indirectly owned, managed or controlled by any Defendant; 25 (b) has held, controlled, or maintained custody, through an account or otherwise, 26 of any Document or Asset associated with credits, debits, or charges made on behalf of any 27 Defendant, including reserve funds held by payment processors, credit card processors, 28

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1 merchant banks, acquiring banks, independent sales organizations, third party processors, 2 payment gateways, insurance companies, or other entities; or 3 (c) has extended credit to any Defendant, including through a credit card 4 account, shall: 5 A. Hold, preserve, and retain within its control and prohibit the withdrawal, 6 removal, alteration, assignment, transfer, pledge, encumbrance, disbursement, dissipation, 7 relinquishment, conversion, sale, or other disposal of any such Document or Asset, as well 8 as all Documents or other property related to such Assets, except by further order of this 9 Court; provided, however, that this provision does not prohibit an Individual Defendant 10 from incurring charges on a personal credit card established prior to entry of this Order, up 11 to the pre-existing credit limit; 12 B. Deny any person, except the Temporary Receiver, access to any safe deposit 13 box, commercial mail box, or storage facility that is titled in the name of any Defendant, 14 either individually or jointly, or otherwise subject to access by any Defendant; 15 C. Provide Plaintiff’s counsel and the Temporary Receiver, within 3 days of 16 receiving a copy of this Order, a sworn statement setting forth, for each Asset or account 17 covered by this Section: 18 1. The identification number of each such account or Asset; 19 2. The balance of each such account, or a description of the nature and 20 value of each such Asset as of the close of business on the day on 21 which this Order is served, and, if the account or other Asset has been 22 closed or removed, the date closed or removed, the total funds 23 removed in order to close the account, and the name of the person or 24 entity to whom such account or other Asset was remitted; and 25 3. The identification of any safe deposit box, commercial mail box, or 26 storage facility that is either titled in the name, individually or jointly, 27 of any Defendant, or is otherwise subject to access by any Defendant; 28 and

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1 D. Upon the request of Plaintiff’s counsel or the Temporary Receiver, promptly 2 provide Plaintiff’s counsel and the Temporary Receiver with copies of all records or other 3 Documents pertaining to any account covered by this Section or Asset, including originals 4 or copies of account applications, account statements, signature cards, checks, drafts, 5 deposit tickets, transfers to and from the accounts, including wire transfers and wire 6 transfer instructions, all other debit and credit instruments or slips, currency transaction 7 reports, 1099 forms, and all logs and records pertaining to safe deposit boxes, commercial 8 mail boxes, and storage facilities. 9 Provided, however, that this Section does not prohibit any transfers to the 10 Temporary Receiver or repatriation of foreign Assets specifically required by this order. 11 V. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES 12 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Corporate Defendants, James D. Noland, 13 Jr., Lina Noland, and Scott A. Harris, within 5 days of service of this Order, shall prepare 14 and deliver to Plaintiff’s counsel and the Temporary Receiver: 15 A. completed financial statements on the forms attached to this Order as 16 Attachment A (Financial Statement of Individual Defendant) for each Individual 17 Defendant, and Attachment B (Financial Statement of Corporate Defendant) for each 18 Corporate Defendant; and 19 B. completed Attachment C (IRS Form 4506, Request for Copy of a Tax 20 Return) for each Individual and Corporate Defendant.3 21 VI. FOREIGN ASSET REPATRIATION 22 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that within 5 days following the service of this 23 Order, the Corporate Defendants, James D. Noland, Jr., Lina Noland, and Scott A. Harris 24 shall: 25 3 The obligations in Sections V and VI do not apply to Thomas G. Sacca. Although the FTC has provided evidence of the immediate need to identify further assets held by the 26 other Individual Defendants, the same showing has not been made as to Sacca. It is a significant step to require an individual who has not been found guilty of any crime, not 27 been found liable for any civil wrongdoing, and not yet had a chance to be heard to disclose his financial and tax history to the FTC. Thus, Sacca is not required to make the financial 28 disclosures discussed in Section V and VI at this early juncture of the case.

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1 A. Provide Plaintiff’s counsel and the Temporary Receiver with a full 2 accounting, verified under oath and accurate as of the date of this Order, of all Assets, 3 Documents, and accounts outside of the United States which are: (1) titled in the name, 4 individually or jointly, of any Defendant; (2) held by any person or entity for the benefit of 5 any Defendant or for the benefit of any corporation, partnership, asset protection trust, or 6 other entity that is directly or indirectly owned, managed or controlled by any Defendant; 7 or (3) under the direct or indirect control, whether jointly or singly, of any Defendant; 8 B. Take all steps necessary to provide Plaintiff’s counsel and Temporary 9 Receiver access to all Documents and records that may be held by third parties located 10 outside of the territorial United States of America, including signing the Consent to Release 11 of Financial Records appended to this Order as Attachment D. 12 C. Transfer to the territory of the United States all Documents and Assets 13 located in foreign countries which are: (1) titled in the name, individually or jointly, of any 14 Defendant; (2) held by any person or entity for the benefit of any Defendant or for the 15 benefit of any corporation, partnership, asset protection trust, or other entity that is directly 16 or indirectly owned, managed or controlled by any Defendant; or (3) under the direct or 17 indirect control, whether jointly or singly, of any Defendant; and 18 D. The same business day as any repatriation, (1) notify the Temporary Receiver 19 and counsel for Plaintiff of the name and location of the financial institution or other entity 20 that is the recipient of such Documents or Assets; and (2) serve this Order on any such 21 financial institution or other entity. 22 VII. NON-INTERFERENCE WITH REPATRIATION 23 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 24 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any 25 of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly or indirectly, are 26 hereby temporarily restrained and enjoined from taking any action, directly or indirectly, 27 which may result in the encumbrance or dissipation of foreign Assets, or in the hindrance 28 of the repatriation required by this Order, including, but not limited to:

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1 A. Sending any communication or engaging in any other act, directly or 2 indirectly, that results in a determination by a foreign trustee or other entity that a “duress” 3 event has occurred under the terms of a foreign trust agreement until such time that all 4 Defendants’ Assets have been fully repatriated pursuant to this Order; or 5 B. Notifying any trustee, protector or other agent of any foreign trust or other 6 related entities of either the existence of this Order, or of the fact that repatriation is 7 required pursuant to a court order, until such time that all Defendants’ Assets have been 8 fully repatriated pursuant to this Order. 9 VIII. CONSUMER CREDIT REPORTS 10 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff may obtain credit reports concerning 11 any Defendants pursuant to Section 604(a)(1) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. 12 1681b(a)(1), and that, upon written request, any credit reporting agency from which such 13 reports are requested shall provide them to Plaintiff. 14 IX. PRESERVATION OF RECORDS 15 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 16 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any 17 of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly or indirectly, are 18 hereby temporarily restrained and enjoined from: 19 A. Destroying, erasing, falsifying, writing over, mutilating, concealing, altering, 20 transferring, or otherwise disposing of, in any manner, directly or indirectly, Documents 21 that relate to: (1) the business, business practices, Assets, or business or personal finances 22 of any Defendant; (2) the business practices or finances of entities directly or indirectly 23 under the control of any Defendant; or (3) the business practices or finances of entities 24 directly or indirectly under common control with any other Defendant; and 25 B. Failing to create and maintain Documents that, in reasonable detail, 26 accurately, fairly, and completely reflect Defendants’ incomes, disbursements, 27 transactions, and use of Defendants’ Assets. 28

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1 X. PRESERVATION OF RECORDS BY THIRD PARTIES 2 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that any person who receives actual notice of this 3 Order (by service or otherwise) that has held, controlled, or maintained custody of any 4 Document on behalf of any Defendant that relates to the business or business practices of 5 any Defendant or of any directly or indirectly under the control of any Defendant are 6 hereby restrained and enjoined from destroying, erasing, falsifying, writing over, 7 mutilating, concealing, altering, transferring, or otherwise disposing of, in any manner, 8 directly or indirectly, any such Documents. 9 XI. REPORT OF NEW BUSINESS ACTIVITY 10 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 11 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any 12 of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly or indirectly, are 13 hereby temporarily restrained and enjoined from creating, operating, or exercising any 14 control over any business entity, whether newly formed or previously inactive, including 15 any partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, sole proprietorship, or corporation, 16 without first providing Plaintiff’s counsel and the Receiver with a written statement 17 disclosing: (1) the name of the business entity; (2) the address and telephone number of 18 the business entity; (3) the names of the business entity’s officers, directors, principals, 19 managers, and employees; and (4) a detailed description of the business entity’s intended 20 activities. 21 XII. INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS AND SURRENDER OF 22 PASSPORTS—WRIT NE EXEAT 23 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the FTC’s motion for a writ ne exeat republica 24 as to James D. Noland is denied. As an initial matter, it is unclear whether such a writ is 25 available in this circumstance. The great majority of cases, including the jurisprudential 26 underpinning of the modern writ ne exeat, found authority to grant such a writ in 26 U.S.C. 27 § 7402. See, e.g., United States v. Shaheen, 445 F.2d 6, 9 n.4 (7th Cir. 1971). Title 26 is 28 the tax code—no analogue to § 7402 exists in Title 15, under which the FTC brings this

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1 action. Although counsel for the FTC indicated the All Writs Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1651, 2 provides a basis for the requested writ in this case, the Court has not found any authority 3 relying on the All Writs Act to issue such a writ. Shaheen itself does not cite the All Writs 4 Act but relies entirely on § 7402. 5 Moreover, even if the Court had the authority to grant a writ ne exeat republica, it 6 is not warranted in this case. A writ ne exeat republica is “an extraordinary writ” that 7 requires a showing of “exceptional circumstances.” Shaheen, 445 F.2d at 10. The FTC has 8 failed to show such circumstances here. The FTC seeks this writ against James Noland 9 only. The materials submitted by the FTC suggest that Noland left the United States 10 months ago and has been absent from the country for an extended period of time. (Doc. 8 11 at 51.) It is unclear how a writ designed to keep Noland in the country would be of any 12 benefit now that Noland is out of the country. Also, although the FTC argues that the writ 13 is necessary to prevent the movement of Noland’s assets out of the United States, it is 14 unclear whether the addition of the writ (which may be beyond the Court’s powers) would 15 actually further this goal in light of the other (broad) relief the Court is granting. 16 XIII. THIRD PARTY INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL PROVIDERS 17 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, in light of the Court’s decision on the writ ne 18 exeat republica, the FTC’s request to enjoin common carriers from providing international 19 travel to Noland is denied. The Court also notes that, even if it had granted the writ, it is 20 not at all clear that it could practicably order common carriers to prevent Noland’s travels. 21 XIV. TAMPERING 22 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 23 employees, and attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any 24 of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, whether acting directly or indirectly, are 25 hereby temporarily restrained and enjoined from, in the course of this proceeding: 26 A. Using or attempting to use force, the threat of force, or payment to influence, 27 delay, or prevent the testimony of any person; 28 B. Causing or inducing, or attempting to cause or induce, any person to:

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1 1. withhold testimony, or withhold a Document or other object; 2 2. alter, destroy, mutilate, or conceal any Document or other object with 3 intent to impair the integrity or availability of the item; 4 3. evade legal process summoning that person to appear as a witness, or 5 to produce Document(s) or other object(s); or 6 4. be absent from an official proceeding to which that person has been 7 summoned by legal process. 8 XV. TEMPORARY RECEIVER 9 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that attorney Kimberly Friday is appointed as 10 temporary receiver of the Receivership Entities with full powers of an equity receiver. The 11 Temporary Receiver shall be solely the agent of this Court in acting as Temporary Receiver 12 under this Order. 13 XVI. DUTIES AND AUTHORITY OF THE TEMPORARY RECEIVER 14 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Temporary Receiver is directed and 15 authorized to accomplish the following: 16 A. Assume full control of Receivership Entities by removing, as the Temporary 17 Receiver deems necessary or advisable, any director, officer, independent contractor, 18 employee, attorney, or agent of any Receivership Entity from control of, management of, 19 or participation in, the affairs of the Receivership Entity; 20 B. Take exclusive custody, control, and possession of all Assets and Documents 21 of, or in the possession, custody, or under the control of, any Receivership Entity, wherever 22 situated; 23 C. Take exclusive custody, control, and possession of all Documents or Assets 24 associated with credits, debits, or charges made on behalf of any Receivership Entity, 25 wherever situated, including reserve funds held by payment processors, credit card 26 processors, merchant banks, acquiring banks, independent sales organizations, third party 27 processors, payment gateways, insurance companies, or other entities; 28

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1 D. Conserve, hold, manage, and prevent the loss of all Assets of the 2 Receivership Entities, and perform all acts necessary or advisable to preserve the value of 3 those Assets. The Temporary Receiver shall assume control over the income and profits 4 therefrom and all sums of money now or hereafter due or owing to the Receivership 5 Entities. The Temporary Receiver shall have full power to sue for, collect, and receive, all 6 Assets of the Receivership Entities and of other persons or entities whose interests are now 7 under the direction, possession, custody, or control of, the Receivership Entities. Provided, 8 however, that the Temporary Receiver shall not attempt to collect any amount from a 9 consumer if the Temporary Receiver believes the consumer’s debt to the Receivership 10 Entities has resulted from the deceptive acts or practices or other violations of law alleged 11 in the Complaint in this matter, without prior Court approval; 12 E. Obtain, conserve, hold, manage, and prevent the loss of all Documents of the 13 Receivership Entities, and perform all acts necessary or advisable to preserve such 14 Documents. The Temporary Receiver shall: divert mail; preserve all Documents of the 15 Receivership Entities that are accessible via electronic means (such as online access to 16 financial accounts and access to electronic documents held onsite or by Electronic Data 17 Hosts, by changing usernames, passwords or other log-in credentials; take possession of 18 all electronic Documents of the Receivership Entities stored onsite or remotely; take 19 whatever steps necessary to preserve all such Documents; and obtain the assistance of the 20 FTC’s Digital Forensic Unit, as the FTC may provide in its discretion, for the purpose of 21 obtaining electronic documents stored onsite or remotely. 22 F. Choose, engage, and employ attorneys, accountants, appraisers, and other 23 independent contractors and technical specialists, as the Temporary Receiver deems 24 advisable or necessary in the performance of duties and responsibilities under the authority 25 granted by this Order; 26 G. Make payments and disbursements from the receivership estate that are 27 necessary or advisable for carrying out the directions of, or exercising the authority granted 28 by, this Order, and to incur, or authorize the making of, such agreements as may be

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1 necessary and advisable in discharging his or her duties as Temporary Receiver. The 2 Temporary Receiver shall apply to the Court for prior approval of any payment of any debt 3 or obligation incurred by the Receivership Entities prior to the date of entry of this Order, 4 except payments that the Temporary Receiver deems necessary or advisable to secure 5 Assets of the Receivership Entities, such as rental payments; 6 H. Take all steps necessary to secure and take exclusive custody of each location 7 from which the Receivership Entities operate their businesses. Such steps may include, 8 but are not limited to, any of the following, as the Temporary Receiver deems necessary or 9 advisable: (1) securing the location by changing the locks and alarm codes and 10 disconnecting any internet access or other means of access to the computers, servers, 11 internal networks, or other records maintained at that location; and (2) requiring any 12 persons present at the location to leave the premises, to provide the Temporary Receiver 13 with proof of identification, and/or to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Temporary 14 Receiver that such persons are not removing from the premises Documents or Assets of 15 the Receivership Entities. Law enforcement personnel, including, but not limited to, police 16 or sheriffs, may assist the Temporary Receiver in implementing these provisions in order 17 to keep the peace and maintain security. If requested by the Temporary Receiver, the 18 United States Marshal will provide appropriate and necessary assistance to the Temporary 19 Receiver to implement this Order and is authorized to use any necessary and reasonable 20 force to do so; 21 I. Take all steps necessary to prevent the modification, destruction, or erasure 22 of any web page or website registered to and operated, in whole or in part, by any 23 Defendants, and to provide access to all such web page or websites to Plaintiff’s 24 representatives, agents, and assistants, as well as Defendants and their representatives; 25 J. Enter into and cancel contracts and purchase insurance as advisable or 26 necessary; 27 28

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1 K. Prevent the inequitable distribution of Assets and determine, adjust, and 2 protect the interests of consumers who have transacted business with the Receivership 3 Entities; 4 L. Make an accounting, as soon as practicable, of the Assets and financial 5 condition of the receivership and file the accounting with the Court and deliver copies 6 thereof to all parties; 7 M. Institute, compromise, adjust, appear in, intervene in, defend, dispose of, 8 accept or direct service of process for, or otherwise become party to any legal action in 9 state, federal or foreign courts or arbitration proceedings as the Temporary Receiver deems 10 necessary and advisable to preserve or recover the Assets of the Receivership Entities, or 11 to carry out the Temporary Receiver’s mandate under this Order, including but not limited 12 to, actions challenging fraudulent or voidable transfers; 13 N. Issue subpoenas to obtain Documents and records pertaining to the 14 Receivership, and conduct discovery in this action on behalf of the receivership estate, in 15 addition to obtaining other discovery as set forth in this Order; 16 O. Open one or more bank accounts at designated depositories for funds of the 17 Receivership Entities. The Temporary Receiver shall deposit all funds of the Receivership 18 Entities in such designated accounts and shall make all payments and disbursements from 19 the receivership estate from such accounts. The Temporary Receiver shall serve copies of 20 monthly account statements on all parties; 21 P. Maintain accurate records of all receipts and expenditures incurred as 22 Temporary Receiver; 23 Q. Allow the Plaintiffs’ representatives, agents, and assistants, as well as 24 Defendants’ representatives and Defendants themselves, reasonable access to the premises 25 of the Receivership Entities, or any other premises where the Receivership Entities conduct 26 business. The purpose of this access shall be to inspect and copy any and all books, records, 27 Documents, accounts, and other property owned by, or in the possession of, the 28

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1 Receivership Entities or their agents. The Temporary Receiver shall have the discretion to 2 determine the time, manner, and reasonable conditions of such access; 3 R. Allow the Plaintiffs’ representatives, agents, and assistants, as well as 4 Defendants and their representatives reasonable access to all Documents in the possession, 5 custody, or control of the Receivership Entities; 6 S. Cooperate with reasonable requests for information or assistance from any 7 state or federal civil or criminal law enforcement agency; 8 T. Suspend business operations of the Receivership Entities if in the judgment 9 of the Temporary Receiver such operations cannot be continued legally and profitably; 10 U. If the Temporary Receiver identifies a nonparty entity as a Receivership 11 Entity, promptly notify the entity as well as the parties, and inform the entity that it can 12 challenge the Temporary Receiver’s determination by filing a motion with the Court. 13 Provided, however, that the Temporary Receiver may delay providing such notice until the 14 Temporary Receiver has established control of the nonparty entity and its assets and 15 records, if the Temporary Receiver determines that notice to the entity or the parties before 16 the Temporary Receiver establishes control over the entity may result in the destruction of 17 records, dissipation of assets, or any other obstruction of the Temporary Receiver’s control 18 of the entity; and 19 V. If in the Temporary Receiver’s judgment the business operations cannot be 20 continued legally and profitably, take all steps necessary to ensure that any of the 21 Receivership Entities’ web pages or websites relating to the activities alleged in the 22 Complaint cannot be accessed by the public, or are modified for consumer education and/or 23 informational purposes, and take all steps necessary to ensure that any telephone numbers 24 associated with the Receivership Entities cannot be accessed by the public, or are answered 25 solely to provide consumer education or information regarding the status of operations. 26 W. Prepare a written report at or before any hearing described in Section XXIX, 27 that describes (1) the steps taken by the Receiver to implement the terms of the Order; (2) 28 the value of all assets and sum of all liabilities of the Receivership Entities; (3) the steps

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1 the Receiver intends to take in the future to protect receivership assets, recover receivership 2 assets from third parties, and adjust receivership liabilities; (4) the Receiver’s opinion on 3 whether any portion of the business of any of the Receivership Entities can continue to 4 operate legally and profitably; and (5) any other matters which the Receiver believes should 5 be brought to the Court’s attention. 6 XVII. TRANSFER OF RECEIVERSHIP PROPERTY TO THE TEMPORARY 7 RECEIVER 8 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants and any other person, with 9 possession, custody or control of property of, or records relating to, the Receivership 10 Entities shall, upon notice of this Order by personal service or otherwise, fully cooperate 11 with and assist the Temporary Receiver in taking and maintaining possession, custody, and 12 control of the Assets and Documents of the Receivership Entities and immediately transfer 13 or deliver to the Temporary Receiver possession, custody, and control of, the following: 14 A. All Assets held by or for the benefit of the Receivership Entities; 15 B. All Documents or Assets associated with credits, debits, or charges made on 16 behalf of any Receivership Entity, wherever situated, including reserve funds held by 17 payment processors, credit card processors, merchant banks, acquiring banks, independent 18 sales organizations, third party processors, payment gateways, insurance companies, or 19 other entities; 20 C. All Documents of or pertaining to the Receivership Entities, including all 21 communications occurring via electronic mail, electronic messaging service, or 22 encrypted messaging service (including Silent Circle or WhatsApp); 23 D. All computers, electronic devices, mobile devices, and machines used to 24 conduct the business of the Receivership Entities, even if such computers, electronic 25 devices, mobile devices, and machines are also used for non-business purposes; 26 E. All Assets and Documents belonging to other persons or entities whose 27 interests are under the direction, possession, custody, or control of the Receivership 28 Entities; and

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1 F. All keys, codes, user names and passwords necessary to gain or to secure 2 access to any Assets or Documents of or pertaining to the Receivership Entities, including 3 access to their business premises, means of communication, accounts, computer systems 4 (onsite and remote), Electronic Data Hosts, encrypted messaging services (including Silent 5 Circle and WhatsApp), or other property. 6 In the event that any person or entity fails to deliver or transfer any Asset or 7 Document, or otherwise fails to comply with any provision of this Section, the Temporary 8 Receiver may file an Affidavit of Non-Compliance regarding the failure and a motion 9 seeking compliance or a contempt citation. 10 XVIII. PROVISION OF INFORMATION TO THE TEMPORARY 11 RECEIVER 12 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants shall immediately provide to the 13 Temporary Receiver: 14 A. A list of all Assets and accounts of the Receivership Entities that are held in 15 any name other than the name of a Receivership Entity, or by any person or entity other 16 than a Receivership Entity; 17 B. A list of all agents, employees, officers, attorneys, servants and those persons 18 in active concert and participation with the Receivership Entities, or who have been 19 associated or done business with the Receivership Entities; and 20 C. A description of any documents covered by attorney-client privilege or 21 attorney work product, including files where such documents are likely to be located, 22 authors or recipients of such documents, and search terms likely to identify such electronic 23 documents. 24 XIX. COOPERATION WITH THE TEMPORARY RECEIVER 25 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants; Receivership Entities; Defendants’ 26 or Receivership Entities’ officers, agents, employees, and attorneys, all other persons in 27 active concert or participation with any of them, and any other person with possession, 28 custody, or control of property of or records relating to the Receivership entities who

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1 receive actual notice of this Order shall fully cooperate with and assist the Temporary 2 Receiver. This cooperation and assistance shall include, but is not limited to, providing 3 information to the Temporary Receiver that the Temporary Receiver deems necessary to 4 exercise the authority and discharge the responsibilities of the Temporary Receiver under 5 this Order; providing any keys, codes, user names and passwords required to access any 6 computers, electronic devices, mobile devices, and machines (onsite or remotely) and any 7 cloud account (including the specific methods to access that account) or electronic file in 8 any medium; advising all persons who owe money to any Receivership Entity that all debts 9 should be paid directly to the Temporary Receiver; and transferring funds at the Temporary 10 Receiver’s direction and producing records related to the Assets and sales of the 11 Receivership Entities. 12 XX. NON-INTERFERENCE WITH THE TEMPORARY RECEIVER 13 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants; Receivership Entities; Defendants’ 14 or Receivership Entities’ officers, agents, employees, attorneys, and all other persons in 15 active concert or participation with any of them, who receive actual notice of this Order, 16 and any other person served with a copy of this Order, are hereby restrained and enjoined 17 from directly or indirectly: 18 A. Interfering with the Temporary Receiver’s efforts to manage, or take 19 custody, control, or possession of, the Assets or Documents subject to the receivership; 20 B. Transacting any of the business of the Receivership Entities; 21 C. Transferring, receiving, altering, selling, encumbering, pledging, assigning, 22 liquidating, or otherwise disposing of any Assets owned, controlled, or in the possession 23 or custody of, or in which an interest is held or claimed by, the Receivership Entities; or 24 D. Refusing to cooperate with the Temporary Receiver or the Temporary 25 Receiver’s duly authorized agents in the exercise of their duties or authority under any 26 order of this Court. 27 28

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1 XXI. STAY OF ACTIONS 2 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, except by leave of this Court, during the 3 pendency of the receivership ordered herein, Defendants, Defendants’ officers, agents, 4 employees, attorneys, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any of 5 them, who receive actual notice of this Order, and their corporations, subsidiaries, 6 divisions, or affiliates, and all investors, creditors, stockholders, lessors, customers and 7 other persons seeking to establish or enforce any claim, right, or interest against or on 8 behalf of Defendants, and all others acting for or on behalf of such persons, are hereby 9 enjoined from taking action that would interfere with the exclusive jurisdiction of this 10 Court over the Assets or Documents of the Receivership Entities, including, but not limited 11 to: 12 A. Filing or assisting in the filing of a petition for relief under the Bankruptcy 13 Code, 11 U.S.C. § 101 et seq., or of any similar insolvency proceeding on behalf of the 14 Receivership Entities; 15 B. Commencing, prosecuting, or continuing a judicial, administrative, or other 16 action or proceeding against the Receivership Entities, including the issuance or 17 employment of process against the Receivership Entities, except that such actions may be 18 commenced if necessary to toll any applicable statute of limitations; or 19 C. Filing or enforcing any lien on any asset of the Receivership Entities, taking 20 or attempting to take possession, custody, or control of any Asset of the Receivership 21 Entities; or attempting to foreclose, forfeit, alter, or terminate any interest in any Asset of 22 the Receivership Entities, whether such acts are part of a judicial proceeding, are acts of 23 self-help, or otherwise; 24 Provided, however, that this Order does not stay: (1) the commencement or 25 continuation of a criminal action or proceeding; (2) the commencement or continuation of 26 an action or proceeding by a governmental unit to enforce such governmental unit’s police 27 or regulatory power; or (3) the enforcement of a judgment, other than a money judgment, 28 obtained in an action or proceeding by a governmental unit to enforce such governmental

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1 unit’s police or regulatory power. 2 XXII. COMPENSATION OF THE TEMPORARY RECEIVER 3 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Temporary Receiver and all personnel hired 4 by the Temporary Receiver as herein authorized, including counsel to the Temporary 5 Receiver and accountants, are entitled to reasonable compensation for the performance of 6 duties pursuant to this Order and for the cost of actual out-of-pocket expenses incurred by 7 them, from the Assets now held by, in the possession or control of, or which may be 8 received by, the Receivership Entities. The Temporary Receiver shall file with the Court 9 and serve on the parties periodic requests for the payment of such reasonable 10 compensation, with the first such request filed no more than 60 days after the date of entry 11 of this Order. The Temporary Receiver shall not increase the hourly rates used as the bases 12 for such fee applications without prior approval of the Court. 13 XXIII. TEMPORARY RECEIVER’S BOND 14 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Receiver is not required to file with the 15 Clerk of this Court a bond until further order of the Court, conditioned that the Receiver 16 will well and truly perform the duties of the office and abide by and perform all acts the 17 Court directs. 18 XXIV. IMMEDIATE ACCESS TO BUSINESS PREMISES AND RECORDS 19 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that: 20 A. In order to allow Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver to preserve Assets 21 and evidence relevant to this action and to expedite discovery, Plaintiff and the Temporary 22 Receiver, and their representatives, agents, contractors, and assistants, shall have 23 immediate access to the business premises and storage facilities, owned, controlled, or used 24 by the Receivership Entities. Such locations include, but are not limited to, 4465 W Sunset 25 Rd, Las Vegas, NV 89118, 2875 St Rose Pkwy Henderson, NV 89052, 18 E Broadway, 26 Winchester, KY 40391 and any offsite location, commercial mailbox, or storage facility 27 used by the Receivership Entities. The Temporary Receiver may exclude Defendants, 28

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1 Receivership Entities, and their employees from the business premises during the 2 immediate access and subsequently at the Temporary Receiver’s discretion. 3 B. Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver, and their representatives, agents, 4 contractors, and assistants, are authorized to remove Documents from the Receivership 5 Entities’ premises in order that they may be inspected, inventoried, and copied. Plaintiff 6 shall return any removed materials to the Temporary Receiver within 5 business days of 7 completing inventorying and copying, or such time as is agreed upon by Plaintiff and the 8 Temporary Receiver; 9 C. Plaintiff’s access to the Receivership Entities’ documents pursuant to this 10 Section shall not provide grounds for any Defendant to object to any subsequent request 11 for documents served by Plaintiff; 12 D. Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver, and their representatives, agents, 13 contractors, and assistants, are authorized to obtain the assistance of federal, state and local 14 law enforcement officers as they deem necessary to effect service and to implement 15 peacefully the provisions of this Order; 16 E. If any Documents, computers, or electronic storage devices containing 17 information related to the business practices or finances of the Receivership Entities are at 18 a location other than those listed herein, including personal residence(s) of any Defendant, 19 then, immediately upon receiving notice of this order, Defendants and Receivership 20 Entities shall produce to the Temporary Receiver all such Documents, computers, and 21 electronic storage devices, along with any codes or passwords needed for access. In order 22 to prevent the destruction of computer data, upon service of this Order, any such computers 23 or electronic storage devices shall be powered down in the normal course of the operating 24 system used on such devices and shall not be powered up or used until produced for 25 copying and inspection; and 26 F. If any communications or records of any Receivership Entity are stored with 27 an Electronic Data Host, such entity shall, immediately upon receiving notice of this Order, 28 provide the Temporary Receiver with the username, passwords, and any other login

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1 credential needed to access the communications and records, and shall not attempt to 2 access, or cause a third-party to attempt to access, the communications or records. 3 XXV. DISTRIBUTION OF ORDER BY DEFENDANTS 4 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants shall immediately provide a copy 5 of this Order to each affiliate, telemarketer, marketer, sales entity, successor, assign, 6 member, officer, director, employee, agent, independent contractor, client, attorney, 7 spouse, subsidiary, division, and representative of any Defendant, and shall, within 10 days 8 from the date of entry of this Order provide Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver with a 9 sworn statement whether this provision of the Order has been satisfied, which statement 10 shall include the names, physical addresses, phone number, and email addresses of each 11 such person or entity who received a copy of the Order. Furthermore, Defendants shall not 12 take any action that would encourage any person who should receive a copy of this Order 13 or any other persons or entities in active concert or participation with them to disregard this 14 Order or believe that they are not bound by its provisions. 15 XXVI. EXPEDITED DISCOVERY 16 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, notwithstanding the provisions of the Fed. R. 17 Civ. P. 26(d) and (f) and 30(a)(2)(A)(iii), and pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 30(a), 33, 34, and 18 45, Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver are granted leave, at any time after service of this 19 Order, to conduct limited expedited discovery for the purpose of discovering: (1) the 20 nature, location, status, and extent of Defendants’ Assets4; (2) the nature, location, and 21 extent of Defendants’ business transactions and operations; (3) Documents reflecting 22 Defendants’ business transactions and operations; or (4) compliance with this Order. The 23 limited expedited discovery set forth in this Section shall proceed as follows: 24 A. Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver may take the deposition of parties and 25 non-parties. Forty-eight (48) hours’ notice shall be sufficient notice for such depositions. 26 The limitations and conditions set forth in Rules 30(a)(2)(B) and 31(a)(2)(B) of the Federal 27 4 For the reasons set forth in footnote 2, supra, Thomas G. Sacca is excluded from 28 this requirement. He remains subject to the remaining requirements of this section.

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1 Rules of Civil Procedure regarding subsequent depositions of an individual shall not apply 2 to depositions taken pursuant to this Section. Any such deposition taken pursuant to this 3 Section shall not be counted towards the deposition limit set forth in Rules 30(a)(2)(A) and 4 31(a)(2)(A) and depositions may be taken by telephone or other remote electronic means; 5 B. Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver may serve upon parties requests for 6 production of Documents or inspection that require production or inspection within 5 days 7 of service, provided, however, that 3 days of notice shall be deemed sufficient for the 8 production of any such Documents that are maintained or stored only in an electronic 9 format. 10 C. Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver may serve upon parties interrogatories 11 that require response within 5 days after Plaintiff serves such interrogatories; 12 D. The Plaintiff and the Temporary Receiver may serve subpoenas upon non- 13 parties that direct production or inspection within 5 days of service. 14 E. Service of discovery upon a party to this action, taken pursuant to this 15 Section, shall be sufficient if made by facsimile, email, or by overnight delivery. 16 F. Any expedited discovery taken pursuant to this Section is in addition to, and 17 is not subject to, the limits on discovery set forth in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 18 and the Local Rules of this Court. The expedited discovery permitted by this Section does 19 not require a meeting or conference of the parties, pursuant to Rules 26(d) & (f) of the 20 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 21 G. The parties are exempted from making initial disclosures under Fed. R. Civ. 22 P. 26(a)(1) until further order of this Court. 23 XXVII. SERVICE OF THIS ORDER 24 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that copies of this Order as well as the Motion for 25 Temporary Restraining Order and all other pleadings, Documents, and exhibits filed 26 contemporaneously with that Motion (other than the complaint and summons), may be 27 served by any means, including facsimile transmission, electronic mail or other electronic 28 messaging, personal or overnight delivery, U.S. Mail or FedEx, by agents and employees

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1 of Plaintiff, by any law enforcement agency, or by private process server, upon any 2 Defendant or any person (including any financial institution) that may have possession, 3 custody or control of any Asset or Document of any Defendant, or that may be subject to 4 any provision of this Order pursuant to Rule 65(d)(2) of the Federal Rules of Civil 5 Procedure. For purposes of this Section, service upon any branch, subsidiary, affiliate, or 6 office of any entity shall effect service upon the entire entity. 7 XXVIII. CORRESPONDENCE AND SERVICE ON PLAINTIFF 8 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, for the purpose of this Order, all 9 correspondence and service of pleadings on Plaintiff shall be addressed to: 10 Jonathan W. Ware, Esq. 11 Federal Trade Commission 12 Bureau of Consumer Protection | Enforcement Division 13 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, CC-9528 14 Washington, DC 20580 15 T +1 202 326 2726 16 F +1 202 326 3197 17 jware1@ftc.gov 18 XXIX. PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION HEARING 19 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(b), the parties 20 shall appear before this Court in Courtroom 601, Sandra Day O’Connor United States 21 Courthouse, 401 W. Washington Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85003, on January 27, 2020, at 22 9:30 a.m. (Arizona time) for a hearing to show cause, if there is any, why this Court should 23 not enter a preliminary injunction, pending final ruling on the Complaint against 24 Defendants, enjoining the violations of the law alleged in the Complaint, continuing the 25 freeze of their Assets, continuing the receivership, and imposing such additional relief as 26 may be appropriate. 27 28

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1 XXX. BRIEFS AND AFFIDAVITS CONCERNING PRELIMINARY 2 INJUNCTION 3 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that: 4 A. Defendants shall file with the Court and serve on Plaintiff’s counsel any 5 answering pleadings, affidavits, motions, expert reports or declarations, or legal 6 memoranda no later than 4 days prior to the order to show cause hearing scheduled pursuant 7 to this Order. Plaintiff may file responsive or supplemental pleadings, materials, affidavits, 8 or memoranda with the Court and serve the same on counsel for Defendants no later than 9 1 day prior to the order to show cause hearing. Provided that such affidavits, pleadings, 10 motions, expert reports, declarations, legal memoranda or oppositions must be served by 11 personal or overnight delivery, facsimile, or email, and be received by the other party or 12 parties no later than 5:00 p.m. (Arizona time) on the appropriate dates set forth in this 13 Section. 14 B. An evidentiary hearing on Plaintiff’s request for a preliminary injunction is 15 not necessary unless Defendants demonstrate that they have, and intend to introduce, 16 evidence that raises a genuine and material factual issue. The question of whether this 17 Court should enter a preliminary injunction shall be resolved on the pleadings, declarations, 18 exhibits, and memoranda filed by, and oral argument of, the parties. Live testimony shall 19 be heard only on further order of this Court. Any motion to permit such testimony shall be 20 filed with the Court and served on counsel for the other parties at least 5 days prior to the 21 preliminary injunction hearing in this matter. Such motion shall set forth the name, 22 address, and telephone number of each proposed witness, a detailed summary or affidavit 23 revealing the substance of each proposed witness’s expected testimony, and an explanation 24 of why the taking of live testimony would be helpful to this Court. Any papers opposing 25 a timely motion to present live testimony or to present live testimony in response to another 26 party’s timely motion to present live testimony shall be filed with this Court and served on 27 the other parties at least 3 days prior to the order to show cause hearing. 28

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1 Provided, however, that this service shall be performed by personal or overnight 2 delivery, facsimile or email, and Documents shall be delivered so that they shall be 3 received by the other parties no later than 5:00 p.m. (Arizona time) on the appropriate dates 4 provided in this Section. 5 XXXI. DURATION OF THE ORDER 6 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this Order shall expire 14 days from the date of 7 entry noted below, unless within such time, the Order is extended for an additional period 8 pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(b)(2). 9 XXXII. RETENTION OF JURISDICTION 10 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that this Court shall retain jurisdiction of this matter 11 for all purposes. 12 Dated this 13th day of January, 2020. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

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FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION

FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL DEFENDANT

Definitions and Instructions:

1. Complete all items. Enter “None” or “N/A” (“Not Applicable”) in the first field only of any item that does not apply to you. If you cannot fully answer a question, explain why.

2. “Dependents” include your spouse, live-in companion, dependent children, or any other person, whom you or your spouse (or your children’s other parent) claimed or could have claimed as a dependent for tax purposes at any time during the past five years.

3. “Assets” and “Liabilities” include ALL assets and liabilities, located within the United States or any foreign country or territory, whether held individually or jointly and whether held by you, your spouse, or your dependents, or held by others for the benefit of you, your spouse, or your dependents.

4. Attach continuation pages as needed. On the financial statement, state next to the Item number that the Item is being continued. On the continuation page(s), identify the Item number(s) being continued.

5. Type or print legibly.

6. Initial each page in the space provided in the lower right corner.

7. Sign and date the completed financial statement on the last page.

Penalty for False Information: Federal law provides that any person may be imprisoned for not more than five years, fined, or both, if such person:

(1) “in any matter within the jurisdiction of the executive, legislative, or judicial branch of the Government of the United States, knowingly and willfully falsifies, conceals or covers up by any trick, scheme, or devise a material fact; makes any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or representation; or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing the same to contain any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry” (18 U.S.C. § 1001);

(2) “in any . . . statement under penalty of perjury as permitted under section 1746 of title 28, United States Code, willfully subscribes as true any material matter which he does not believe to be true” (18 U.S.C. § 1621); or

(3) “in any ( . . . statement under penalty of perjury as permitted under section 1746 of title 28, United States Code) in any proceeding before or ancillary to any court or grand jury of the United States knowingly makes any false material declaration or makes or uses any other information . . . knowing the same to contain any false material declaration” (18 U.S.C. § 1623).

For a felony conviction under the provisions cited above, federal law provides that the fine may be not more than the greater of (i) $250,000 for an individual or $500,000 for a corporation, or (ii) if the felony results in pecuniary gain to any person or pecuniary loss to any person other than the defendant, the greater of twice the gross gain or twice the gross loss. 18 U.S.C. § 3571.

Federal Trade Commission Financial Statement of Individual Defendant

BACKGROUND INFORMATION Item 1. Information About You Full Name Social Security No.

Current Address of Primary Residence Driver’s License No. State Issued

Phone Numbers Date of Birth: / / Home: ( ) (mm/dd/yyyy) Fax: ( ) Place of Birth

Rent Own From (Date): / / E-Mail Address (mm/dd/yyyy) Internet Home Page

Previous Addresses for past five years (if required, use additional pages at end of form) Address From: / / Until: / / (mm/dd/yyyy) (mm/dd/yyyy)

Rent Own Address From: / / Until: / /

Rent Own Address From: / / Until: / /

Rent Own Identify any other name(s) and/or social security number(s) you have used, and the time period(s) during which they were used:

Item 2. Information About Your Spouse or Live-In Companion Spouse/Companion's Name Social Security No. Date of Birth / / (mm/dd/yyyy) Address (if different from yours) Phone Number Place of Birth ( ) Rent Own From (Date): / / (mm/dd/yyyy) Identify any other name(s) and/or social security number(s) you have used, and the time period(s) during which they were used:

Employer’s Name and Address Job Title

Years in Present Job Annual Gross Salary/Wages $

Item 3. Information About Your Previous Spouse Name and Address Social Security No.

Date of Birth / / (mm/dd/yyyy)

Item 4. Contact Information (name and address of closest living relative other than your spouse) Name and Address Phone Number ( )

Initials:

1 of 10 Federal Trade Commission Financial Statement of Individual Defendant

Item 5. Information About Dependents (whether or not they reside with you) Name and Address Social Security No. Date of Birth / / (mm/dd/yyyy) Relationship

Name and Address Social Security No. Date of Birth / / (mm/dd/yyyy) Relationship

Name and Address Date of Birth Social Security No. / / (mm/dd/yyyy) Relationship

Name and Address Date of Birth Social Security No. / / (mm/dd/yyyy) Relationship

Item 6. Employment Information/Employment Income Provide the following information for this year-to-date and for each of the previous five full years, for each business entity of which you were a director, officer, member, partner, employee (including self-employment), agent, owner, shareholder, contractor, participant or consultant at any time during that period. “Income” includes, but is not limited to, any salary, commissions, distributions, draws, consulting fees, loans, loan payments, dividends, royalties, and benefits for which you did not pay (e.g., health insurance premiums, automobile lease or loan payments) received by you or anyone else on your behalf. Company Name and Address Dates Employed Income Received: Y-T-D & 5 Prior Yrs.

Year Income From (Month/Year) To (Month/Year) / / 20 $ Ownership Interest? Yes No $ Positions Held From (Month/Year) To (Month/Year) $ / / $ / / $ / / $ Company Name and Address Dates Employed Income Received: Y-T-D & 5 Prior Yrs.

Year Income From (Month/Year) To (Month/Year) / / 20 $ Ownership Interest? Yes No $ Positions Held From (Month/Year) To (Month/Year) $ / / $ / / $ / / $ Company Name and Address Dates Employed Income Received: Y-T-D & 5 Prior Yrs.

Year Income From (Month/Year) To (Month/Year) / / 20 $ Ownership Interest? Yes No $ Positions Held From (Month/Year) To (Month/Year) $ / / $ / / $ / / $

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Item 7. Pending Lawsuits Filed By or Against You or Your Spouse List all pending lawsuits that have been filed by or against you or your spouse in any court or before an administrative agency in the United States or in any foreign country or territory. Note: At Item 12, list lawsuits that resulted in final judgments or settlements in your favor. At Item 21, list lawsuits that resulted in final judgments or settlements against you. Nature of Status or Caption of Proceeding Court or Agency and Location Case No. Relief Requested Proceeding Disposition

Item 8. Safe Deposit Boxes List all safe deposit boxes, located within the United States or in any foreign country or territory, whether held individually or jointly and whether held by you, your spouse, or any of your dependents, or held by others for the benefit of you, your spouse, or any of your dependents. Name of Owner(s) Name & Address of Depository Institution Box No. Contents

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FINANCIAL INFORMATION REMINDER: When an item asks for information regarding your “assets” and “liabilities” include ALL assets and liabilities, located within the United States or in any foreign country or territory, or institution, whether held individually or jointly, and whether held by you, your spouse, or any of your dependents, or held by others for the benefit of you, your spouse, or any of your dependents. In addition, provide all documents requested in Item 24 with your completed Financial Statement. ASSETS Item 9. Cash, Bank, and Money Market Accounts List cash on hand (as opposed to cash in bank accounts or other financial accounts) and all bank accounts, money market accounts, or other financial accounts, including but not limited to checking accounts, savings accounts, and certificates of deposit. The term “cash on hand” includes but is not limited to cash in the form of currency, uncashed checks, and money orders.

a. Amount of Cash on Hand $ Form of Cash on Hand b. Name on Account Name & Address of Financial Institution Account No. Current Balance

$

$

$

$

$

Item 10. Publicly Traded Securities List all publicly traded securities, including but not limited to, stocks, stock options, corporate bonds, mutual funds, U.S. government securities (including but not limited to treasury bills and treasury notes), and state and municipal bonds. Also list any U.S. savings bonds. Owner of Security Issuer Type of Security No. of Units Owned

Broker House, Address Broker Account No.

Current Fair Market Value Loan(s) Against Security $ $ Owner of Security Issuer Type of Security No. of Units Owned

Broker House, Address Broker Account No.

Current Fair Market Value Loan(s) Against Security $ $ Owner of Security Issuer Type of Security No. of Units Owned

Broker House, Address Broker Account No.

Current Fair Market Value Loan(s) Against Security $ $

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Item 11. Non-Public Business and Financial Interests List all non-public business and financial interests, including but not limited to any interest in a non-public corporation, subchapter-S corporation, limited liability corporation (“LLC”), general or limited partnership, joint venture, sole proprietorship, international business corporation or personal investment corporation, and oil or mineral lease. Type of Business or Financial Owner Ownership If Officer, Director, Member Entity’s Name & Address Interest (e.g., LLC, partnership) (e.g., self, spouse) % or Partner, Exact Title

Item 12. Amounts Owed to You, Your Spouse, or Your Dependents Debtor’s Name & Address Date Obligation Original Amount Owed Nature of Obligation (if the result of a final court Incurred (Month/Year) $ judgment or settlement, provide court name / and docket number) Current Amount Owed Payment Schedule $ $ Debtor’s Telephone Debtor’s Relationship to You

Debtor’s Name & Address Date Obligation Original Amount Owed Nature of Obligation (if the result of a final court Incurred (Month/Year) $ judgment or settlement, provide court name / and docket number) Current Amount Owed Payment Schedule $ $ Debtor’s Telephone Debtor’s Relationship to You

Item 13. Life Insurance Policies List all life insurance policies (including endowment policies) with any cash surrender value. Insurance Company’s Name, Address, & Telephone No. Beneficiary Policy No. Face Value $ Insured Loans Against Policy Surrender Value $ $

Insurance Company’s Name, Address, & Telephone No. Beneficiary Policy No. Face Value $ Insured Loans Against Policy Surrender Value $ $

Item 14. Deferred Income Arrangements List all deferred income arrangements, including but not limited to, deferred annuities, pensions plans, profit-sharing plans, 401(k) plans, IRAs, Keoghs, other retirement accounts, and college savings plans (e.g., 529 Plans). Trustee or Administrator’s Name, Address & Telephone No. Name on Account Account No.

Date Established Type of Plan Surrender Value before / / Taxes and Penalties (mm/dd/yyyy) $ Trustee or Administrator’s Name, Address & Telephone No. Name on Account Account No.

Date Established Type of Plan Surrender Value before / / Taxes and Penalties $

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Item 15. Pending Insurance Payments or Inheritances List any pending insurance payments or inheritances owed to you. Type Amount Expected Date Expected (mm/dd/yyyy) $ / / $ / / $ / /

Item 16. Vehicles List all cars, trucks, motorcycles, boats, airplanes, and other vehicles. Vehicle Type Year Registered Owner’s Name Purchase Price Original Loan Amount Current Balance $ $ $ Make Registration State & No. Account/Loan No. Current Value Monthly Payment $ $ Model Address of Vehicle’s Location Lender’s Name and Address

Vehicle Type Year Registered Owner’s Name Purchase Price Original Loan Amount Current Balance $ $ $ Make Registration State & No. Account/Loan No. Current Value Monthly Payment $ $ Model Address of Vehicle’s Location Lender’s Name and Address

Vehicle Type Year Registered Owner’s Name Purchase Price Original Loan Amount Current Balance $ $ $ Make Registration State & No. Account/Loan No. Current Value Monthly Payment $ $ Model Address of Vehicle’s Location Lender’s Name and Address

Vehicle Type Year Registered Owner’s Name Purchase Price Original Loan Amount Current Balance $ $ $ Make Registration State & No. Account/Loan No. Current Value Monthly Payment $ $ Model Address of Vehicle’s Location Lender’s Name and Address

Item 17. Other Personal Property List all other personal property not listed in Items 9-16 by category, whether held for personal use, investment or any other reason, including but not limited to coins, stamps, artwork, gemstones, jewelry, bullion, other collectibles, copyrights, patents, and other intellectual property.

Property Category Name of Owner Property Location Acquisition Cost Current Value (e.g., artwork, jewelry)

$ $

$ $

$ $

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Item 18. Real Property List all real property interests (including any land contract) Property’s Location Type of Property Name(s) on Title or Contract and Ownership Percentages

Acquisition Date (mm/dd/yyyy) Purchase Price Current Value Basis of Valuation / / $ $ Lender’s Name and Address Loan or Account No. Current Balance On First Mortgage or Contract $ Monthly Payment $ Other Mortgage Loan(s) (describe) Monthly Payment Rental Unit $ Current Balance Monthly Rent Received $ $ Property’s Location Type of Property Name(s) on Title or Contract and Ownership Percentages

Acquisition Date (mm/dd/yyyy) Purchase Price Current Value Basis of Valuation / / $ $ Lender’s Name and Address Loan or Account No. Current Balance On First Mortgage or Contract $ Monthly Payment $ Other Mortgage Loan(s) (describe) Monthly Payment Rental Unit $ Current Balance Monthly Rent Received $ $

LIABILITIES Item 19. Credit Cards List each credit card account held by you, your spouse, or your dependents, and any other credit cards that you, your spouse, or your dependents use, whether issued by a United States or foreign financial institution. Name of Credit Card (e.g., Visa, Account No. Name(s) on Account Current Balance MasterCard, Department Store) $ $ $ $ $ Item 20. Taxes Payable List all taxes, such as income taxes or real estate taxes, owed by you, your spouse, or your dependents.

Type of Tax Amount Owed Year Incurred $ $ $

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Item 21. Other Amounts Owed by You, Your Spouse, or Your Dependents List all other amounts, not listed elsewhere in this financial statement, owed by you, your spouse, or your dependents. Lender/Creditor’s Name, Address, and Telephone No. Nature of Debt (if the result of a court judgment or settlement, provide court name and docket number)

Lender/Creditor’s Relationship to You

Date Liability Was Incurred Original Amount Owed Current Amount Owed Payment Schedule / / (mm/dd/yyyy) $ $ Lender/Creditor’s Name, Address, and Telephone No. Nature of Debt (if the result of a court judgment or settlement, provide court name and docket number)

Lender/Creditor’s Relationship to You

Date Liability Was Incurred Original Amount Owed Current Amount Owed Payment Schedule / / (mm/dd/yyyy) $ $

OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 22. Trusts and Escrows List all funds and other assets that are being held in trust or escrow by any person or entity for you, your spouse, or your dependents. Include any legal retainers being held on your behalf by legal counsel. Also list all funds or other assets that are being held in trust or escrow by you, your spouse, or your dependents, for any person or entity. Date Established Trustee or Escrow Agent’s Name & Address Grantor Beneficiaries Present Market Value of Assets* (mm/dd/yyyy) / / $

/ / $

/ / $ *If the market value of any asset is unknown, describe the asset and state its cost, if you know it.

Item 23. Transfers of Assets List each person or entity to whom you have transferred, in the aggregate, more than $5,000 in funds or other assets during the previous five years by loan, gift, sale, or other transfer (exclude ordinary and necessary living and business expenses paid to unrelated third parties). For each such person or entity, state the total amount transferred during that period. Transfer Date Type of Transfer Transferee’s Name, Address, & Relationship Property Transferred Aggregate Value* (mm/dd/yyyy) (e.g., Loan, Gift) $ / /

$ / /

$ / / *If the market value of any asset is unknown, describe the asset and state its cost, if you know it.

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Item 24. Document Requests Provide copies of the following documents with your completed Financial Statement.

Federal tax returns filed during the last three years by or on behalf of you, your spouse, or your dependents. All applications for bank loans or other extensions of credit (other than credit cards) that you, your spouse, or your dependents have submitted within the last two years, including by obtaining copies from lenders if necessary. Item 9 For each bank account listed in Item 9, all account statements for the past 3 years. For each business entity listed in Item 11, provide (including by causing to be generated from accounting records) the Item 11 most recent balance sheet, tax return, annual income statement, the most recent year-to-date income statement, and all general ledger files from account records. All appraisals that have been prepared for any property listed in Item 17, including appraisals done for insurance Item 17 purposes. You may exclude any category of property where the total appraised value of all property in that category is less than $2,000. Item 18 All appraisals that have been prepared for real property listed in Item 18. Item 21 Documentation for all debts listed in Item 21. All executed documents for any trust or escrow listed in Item 22. Also provide any appraisals, including insurance Item 22 appraisals that have been done for any assets held by any such trust or in any such escrow.

SUMMARY FINANCIAL SCHEDULES Item 25. Combined Balance Sheet for You, Your Spouse, and Your Dependents Assets Liabilities Cash on Hand (Item 9) $ Loans Against Publicly Traded Securities (Item 10) $ Funds Held in Financial Institutions (Item 9) $ Vehicles - Liens (Item 16) $ U.S. Government Securities (Item 10) $ Real Property – Encumbrances (Item 18) $ Publicly Traded Securities (Item 10) $ Credit Cards (Item 19) $ Non-Public Business and Financial Interests (Item 11) $ Taxes Payable (Item 20) $ Amounts Owed to You (Item 12) $ Amounts Owed by You (Item 21) $ Life Insurance Policies (Item 13) $ Other Liabilities (Itemize) Deferred Income Arrangements (Item 14) $ $ Vehicles (Item 16) $ $ Other Personal Property (Item 17) $ $ Real Property (Item 18) $ $ Other Assets (Itemize) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Total Assets $ Total Liabilities $ Item 26. Combined Current Monthly Income and Expenses for You, Your Spouse, and Your Dependents Provide the current monthly income and expenses for you, your spouse, and your dependents. Do not include credit card payments separately; rather, include credit card expenditures in the appropriate categories. Income (State source of each item) Expenses Salary - After Taxes Mortgage or Rental Payments for Residence(s) $ $ Source: Fees, Commissions, and Royalties Property Taxes for Residence(s) $ $ Source: Interest Rental Property Expenses, Including Mortgage Payments, Taxes, $ and Insurance $ Source: Dividends and Capital Gains Car or Other Vehicle Lease or Loan Payments $ $ Source: Gross Rental Income Food Expenses $ $ Source: Profits from Sole Proprietorships Clothing Expenses $ $ Source: Distributions from Partnerships, S-Corporations, Utilities and LLCs $ $ Source:

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Item 26. Combined Current Monthly Income and Expenses for You, Your Spouse, and Your Dependents (cont.) Distributions from Trusts and Estates Medical Expenses, Including Insurance $ $ Source: Distributions from Deferred Income Arrangements Other Insurance Premiums $ $ Source: Social Security Payments $ Other Transportation Expenses $ Alimony/Child Support Received $ Other Expenses (Itemize) Gambling Income $ $ Other Income (Itemize) $ $ $ $ $ $ $

Total Income $ Total Expenses $

ATTACHMENTS Item 27. Documents Attached to this Financial Statement List all documents that are being submitted with this financial statement. For any Item 24 documents that are not attached, explain why.

Item No. Document Relates To Description of Document

I am submitting this financial statement with the understanding that it may affect action by the Federal Trade Commission or a federal court. I have used my best efforts to obtain the information requested in this statement. The responses I have provided to the items above are true and contain all the requested facts and information of which I have notice or knowledge. I have provided all requested documents in my custody, possession, or control. I know of the penalties for false statements under 18 U.S.C. § 1001, 18 U.S.C. § 1621, and 18 U.S.C. § 1623 (five years imprisonment and/or fines). I certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States that the foregoing is true and correct.

Executed on:

_______________ ___________________________________ (Date) Signature

Attachment B

FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION

FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF CORPORATE DEFENDANT

Instructions:

1. Complete all items. Enter “None” or "N/A" (“Not Applicable”) where appropriate. If you cannot fully answer a question, explain why.

2. The font size within each field will adjust automatically as you type to accommodate longer responses.

3. In completing this financial statement, “the corporation” refers not only to this corporation but also to each of its predecessors that are not named defendants in this action.

4. When an Item asks for information about assets or liabilities “held by the corporation,” include ALL such assets and liabilities, located within the United States or elsewhere, held by the corporation or held by others for the benefit of the corporation.

5. Attach continuation pages as needed. On the financial statement, state next to the Item number that the Item is being continued. On the continuation page(s), identify the Item number being continued.

6. Type or print legibly.

7. An officer of the corporation must sign and date the completed financial statement on the last page and initial each page in the space provided in the lower right corner.

Penalty for False Information: Federal law provides that any person may be imprisoned for not more than five years, fined, or both, if such person:

(1) “in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States knowingly and willfully falsifies, conceals or covers up by any trick, scheme, or device a material fact, or makes any false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations, or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing the same to contain any false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry” (18 U.S.C. § 1001);

(2) “in any . . . statement under penalty of perjury as permitted under section 1746 of title 28, United States Code, willfully subscribes as true any material matter which he does not believe to be true” (18 U.S.C. § 1621); or

(3) “in any (. . . statement under penalty of perjury as permitted under section 1746 of title 28, United States Code) in any proceeding before or ancillary to any court or grand jury of the United States knowingly makes any false material declaration or makes or uses any other information . . . knowing the same to contain any false material declaration.” (18 U.S.C. § 1623)

For a felony conviction under the provisions cited above, federal law provides that the fine may be not more than the greater of (i) $250,000 for an individual or $500,000 for a corporation, or (ii) if the felony results in pecuniary gain to any person or pecuniary loss to any person other than the defendant, the greater of twice the gross gain or twice the gross loss. 18 U.S.C. § 3571.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Item 1. General Information Corporation’s Full Name ___________________________________________________________________________ Primary Business Address ______________________________________________________ From (Date) _________ Telephone No. _____________________________ Fax No. _____________________________ E-Mail Address________________________ Internet Home Page________________________ All other current addresses & previous addresses for past five years, including post office boxes and mail drops: Address____________________________________________________________ From/Until____________________ Address____________________________________________________________ From/Until____________________ Address____________________________________________________________ From/Until____________________ All predecessor companies for past five years: Name & Address _________________________________________________________ From/Until ______________ Name & Address _________________________________________________________ From/Until ______________ Name & Address _________________________________________________________ From/Until ______________ Item 2. Legal Information Federal Taxpayer ID No. _________________________ State & Date of Incorporation _________________________ State Tax ID No. ____________________ State ________________ Profit or Not For Profit _____________________ Corporation’s Present Status: Active ________________ Inactive _______________ Dissolved __________________ If Dissolved: Date dissolved _________________________ By Whom ______________________________________ Reasons _________________________________________________________________________________________ Fiscal Year-End (Mo./Day) ________________ Corporation’s Business Activities _____________________________ Item 3. Registered Agent Name of Registered Agent __________________________________________________________________________ Address __________________________________________________________ Telephone No. __________________

Page 2 Initials __________ Item 4. Principal Stockholders List all persons and entities that own at least 5% of the corporation’s stock.

Name & Address % Owned _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________ Item 5. Board Members List all members of the corporation’s Board of Directors.

Name & Address % Owned Term (From/Until) ____________________________________________________________________ __________ _________________ ____________________________________________________________________ __________ _________________ ____________________________________________________________________ __________ _________________ ____________________________________________________________________ __________ _________________ ____________________________________________________________________ __________ _________________ Item 6. Officers

List all of the corporation’s officers, including de facto officers (individuals with significant management responsibility whose titles do not reflect the nature of their positions).

Name & Address % Owned _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________

Page 3 Initials __________ Item 7. Businesses Related to the Corporation List all corporations, partnerships, and other business entities in which this corporation has an ownership interest.

Name & Address Business Activities % Owned ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________ _________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________ _________ State which of these businesses, if any, has ever transacted business with the corporation _______________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Item 8. Businesses Related to Individuals

List all corporations, partnerships, and other business entities in which the corporation’s principal stockholders, board members, or officers (i.e., the individuals listed in Items 4 - 6 above) have an ownership interest.

Individual’s Name Business Name & Address Business Activities % Owned __________________ __________________________________________________ __________________ ________ __________________ __________________________________________________ __________________ ________ __________________ __________________________________________________ __________________ ________ State which of these businesses, if any, have ever transacted business with the corporation _______________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Item 9. Related Individuals

List all related individuals with whom the corporation has had any business transactions during the three previous fiscal years and current fiscal year-to-date. A “related individual” is a spouse, sibling, parent, or child of the principal stockholders, board members, and officers (i.e., the individuals listed in Items 4 - 6 above).

Name and Address Relationship Business Activities _________________________________________________________ _________________ ______________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________ ______________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________ ______________________

Page 4 Initials __________ Item 10. Outside Accountants List all outside accountants retained by the corporation during the last three years.

Name Firm Name Address CPA/PA? ____________________ ______________________ ________________________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______________________ ________________________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______________________ ________________________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______________________ ________________________________________ ____________ ____________________ ______________________ ________________________________________ ____________ Item 11. Corporation’s Recordkeeping

List all individuals within the corporation with responsibility for keeping the corporation’s financial books and records for the last three years.

Name, Address, & Telephone Number Position(s) Held ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ Item 12. Attorneys List all attorneys retained by the corporation during the last three years.

Name Firm Name Address ____________________ ___________________________ ________________________________________________ ____________________ ___________________________ ________________________________________________ ____________________ ___________________________ ________________________________________________ ____________________ ___________________________ ________________________________________________ ____________________ ___________________________ ________________________________________________

Page 5 Initials __________ Item 13. Pending Lawsuits Filed by the Corporation

List all pending lawsuits that have been filed by the corporation in court or before an administrative agency. (List lawsuits that resulted in final judgments or settlements in favor of the corporation in Item 25).

Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________

Page 6 Initials __________ Item 14. Current Lawsuits Filed Against the Corporation

List all pending lawsuits that have been filed against the corporation in court or before an administrative agency. (List lawsuits that resulted in final judgments, settlements, or orders in Items 26 - 27).

Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________________ Docket No._________________ Relief Requested____________________ Nature of Lawsuit____________________ ____________________________________ Status______________________________________________________

Page 7 Initials __________ Item 15. Bankruptcy Information List all state insolvency and federal bankruptcy proceedings involving the corporation. Commencement Date _________________ Termination Date _________________ Docket No. __________________ If State Court: Court & County _______________________ If Federal Court: District __________________________ Disposition ______________________________________________________________________________________ Item 16. Safe Deposit Boxes

List all safe deposit boxes, located within the United States or elsewhere, held by the corporation, or held by others for the benefit of the corporation. On a separate page, describe the contents of each box.

Owner’s Name Name & Address of Depository Institution Box No. __________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________ __________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________ __________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________ __________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________ __________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

REMINDER: When an Item asks for information about assets or liabilities “held by the corporation,” include ALL such assets and liabilities, located within the United States or elsewhere, held by the corporation or held by others for the benefit of the corporation.

Item 17. Tax Returns List all federal and state corporate tax returns filed for the last three complete fiscal years. Attach copies of all returns.

Federal/ Tax Year Tax Due Tax Paid Tax Due Tax Paid Preparer’s Name State/Both Federal Federal State State

___________ __________ $_________ $_________ $__________ $__________ ______________________________ ___________ __________ $_________ $_________ $__________ $__________ ______________________________ ___________ __________ $_________ $_________ $__________ $__________ ______________________________

Page 8 Initials __________ Item 18. Financial Statements

List all financial statements that were prepared for the corporation’s last three complete fiscal years and for the current fiscal year-to-date. Attach copies of all statements, providing audited statements if available.

Year Balance Sheet Profit & Loss Statement Cash Flow Statement Changes in Owner’s Equity Audited? _________ _____________ ______________________ __________________ _______________________ ________ _________ _____________ ______________________ __________________ _______________________ ________ _________ _____________ ______________________ __________________ _______________________ ________ _________ _____________ ______________________ __________________ _______________________ ________ Item 19. Financial Summary

For each of the last three complete fiscal years and for the current fiscal year-to-date for which the corporation has not provided a profit and loss statement in accordance with Item 18 above, provide the following summary financial information. Current Year-to-Date 1 Year Ago 2 Years Ago 3 Years Ago Gross Revenue $_________________ $_______________ $_______________ $_______________ Expenses $_________________ $_______________ $_______________ $_______________ Net Profit After Taxes $_________________ $_______________ $_______________ $_______________ Payables $_________________ Receivables $_________________

Item 20. Cash, Bank, and Money Market Accounts

List cash and all bank and money market accounts, including but not limited to, checking accounts, savings accounts, and certificates of deposit, held by the corporation. The term “cash” includes currency and uncashed checks.

Cash on Hand $_________________________ Cash Held for the Corporation’s Benefit $_______________________

Name & Address of Financial Institution Signator(s) on Account Account No. Current Balance _____________________________________ _______________________________ ______________ $___________

_____________________________________ _______________________________ ______________ $___________ _____________________________________ _______________________________ ______________ $___________ _____________________________________ _______________________________ ______________ $___________

Page 9 Initials __________ Item 21. Government Obligations and Publicly Traded Securities

List all U.S. Government obligations, including but not limited to, savings bonds, treasury bills, or treasury notes, held by the corporation. Also list all publicly traded securities, including but not limited to, stocks, stock options, registered and bearer bonds, state and municipal bonds, and mutual funds, held by the corporation.

Issuer _________________________________ Type of Security/Obligation __________________________________ No. of Units Owned __________ Current Fair Market Value $__________________ Maturity Date _______________ Issuer _________________________________ Type of Security/Obligation __________________________________ No. of Units Owned __________ Current Fair Market Value $__________________ Maturity Date _______________ Item 22. Real Estate List all real estate, including leaseholds in excess of five years, held by the corporation. Type of Property________________________________ Property’s Location__________________________________ Name(s) on Title and Ownership Percentages___________________________________________________________ Current Value $____________________ Loan or Account No. __________________________ Lender’s Name and Address_________________________________________________________________________ Current Balance On First Mortgage $_______________ Monthly Payment $______________ Other Loan(s) (describe)____________________________________________ Current Balance $_________________ Monthly Payment $__________________ Rental Unit?_________________ Monthly Rent Received $_____________ Type of Property________________________________ Property’s Location__________________________________ Name(s) on Title and Ownership Percentages___________________________________________________________ Current Value $____________________ Loan or Account No. __________________________ Lender’s Name and Address_________________________________________________________________________ Current Balance On First Mortgage $_______________ Monthly Payment $______________ Other Loan(s) (describe)____________________________________________ Current Balance $_________________ Monthly Payment $__________________ Rental Unit?_________________ Monthly Rent Received $_____________

Page 10 Initials __________ Item 23. Other Assets

List all other property, by category, with an estimated value of $2,500 or more, held by the corporation, including but not limited to, inventory, machinery, equipment, furniture, vehicles, customer lists, computer software, patents, and other intellectual property.

Property Category Property Location Acquisition Current Cost Value

____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ ____________________________ _____________________________________________ $__________ $_________ Item 24. Trusts and Escrows List all persons and other entities holding funds or other assets that are in escrow or in trust for the corporation.

Trustee or Escrow Agent’s Description and Location of Assets Present Market Name & Address Value of Assets

______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ $_________________

Page 11 Initials __________ Item 25. Monetary Judgments and Settlements Owed To the Corporation List all monetary judgments and settlements, recorded and unrecorded, owed to the corporation. Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit______________________________ Date of Judgment________________ Amount $____________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit______________________________ Date of Judgment________________ Amount $____________ Item 26. Monetary Judgments and Settlements Owed By the Corporation List all monetary judgments and settlements, recorded and unrecorded, owed by the corporation. Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit_______________________________________ Date______________ Amount $______________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit______________________________ Date of Judgment________________ Amount $____________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit______________________________ Date of Judgment________________ Amount $____________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit______________________________ Date of Judgment________________ Amount $____________ Opposing Party’s Name & Address___________________________________________________________________ Court’s Name & Address____________________________________________________ Docket No._____________ Nature of Lawsuit______________________________ Date of Judgment________________ Amount $____________

Page 12 Initials __________ Item 27. Government Orders and Settlements List all existing orders and settlements between the corporation and any federal or state government entities. Name of Agency ___________________________________________ Contact Person __________________________ Address _____________________________________________________________ Telephone No. _______________ Agreement Date ______________ Nature of Agreement __________________________________________________ Item 28. Credit Cards List all of the corporation’s credit cards and store charge accounts and the individuals authorized to use them.

Name of Credit Card or Store Names of Authorized Users and Positions Held __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Item 29. Compensation of Employees

List all compensation and other benefits received from the corporation by the five most highly compensated employees, independent contractors, and consultants (other than those individuals listed in Items 5 and 6 above), for the two previous fiscal years and current fiscal year-to-date. “Compensation” includes, but is not limited to, salaries, commissions, consulting fees, bonuses, dividends, distributions, royalties, pensions, and profit sharing plans. “Other benefits” include, but are not limited to, loans, loan payments, rent, car payments, and insurance premiums, whether paid directly to the individuals, or paid to others on their behalf.

Name/Position Current Fiscal 1 Year Ago 2 Years Ago Compensation or Year-to-Date Type of Benefits

_____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________

Page 13 Initials __________ Item 30. Compensation of Board Members and Officers

List all compensation and other benefits received from the corporation by each person listed in Items 5 and 6, for the current fiscal year-to-date and the two previous fiscal years. “Compensation” includes, but is not limited to, salaries, commissions, consulting fees, dividends, distributions, royalties, pensions, and profit sharing plans. “Other benefits” include, but are not limited to, loans, loan payments, rent, car payments, and insurance premiums, whether paid directly to the individuals, or paid to others on their behalf.

Name/Position Current Fiscal 1 Year Ago 2 Years Ago Compensation or Year-to-Date Type of Benefits

_____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ _____________________________ $____________ $___________ $____________ ___________________________ Item 31. Transfers of Assets Including Cash and Property

List all transfers of assets over $2,500 made by the corporation, other than in the ordinary course of business, during the previous three years, by loan, gift, sale, or other transfer.

Transferee’s Name, Address, & Relationship Property Aggregate Transfer Type of Transfer Transferred Value Date (e.g., Loan, Gift)

______________________________________ ________________ $____________ __________ _________________ ______________________________________ ________________ $____________ __________ _________________ ______________________________________ ________________ $____________ __________ _________________ ______________________________________ ________________ $____________ __________ _________________ ______________________________________ ________________ $____________ __________ _________________

Page 14 Initials __________ Item 32. Documents Attached to the Financial Statement List all documents that are being submitted with the financial statement.

Item No. Document Description of Document Relates To

___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

I am submitting this financial statement with the understanding that it may affect action by the Federal Trade Commission or a federal court. I have used my best efforts to obtain the information requested in this statement. The responses I have provided to the items above are true and contain all the requested facts and information of which I have notice or knowledge. I have provided all requested documents in my custody, possession, or control. I know of the penalties for false statements under 18 U.S.C. § 1001, 18 U.S.C. § 1621, and 18 U.S.C. § 1623 (five years imprisonment and/or fines). I certify under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States that the foregoing is true and correct.

Executed on:

______________________________ _____________________________________________________ (Date) Signature

_____________________________________________________ Corporate Position

Page 15 Initials __________ Attachment C

Form 4506 Request for Copy of Tax Return (July 2017) a Do not sign this form unless all applicable lines have been completed. OMB No. 1545-0429 a Requestmay be rejected if the form is incomplete or illegible. Department of the Treasury a For more information about Form 4506, visit www.irs.gov/form4506. Internal Revenue Service

Tip. You may be able to get your tax return or return information from other sources. If you had your tax return completed by a paid preparer, they should be able to provide you a copy of the return. The IRS can provide a Tax Return Transcript for many returns free of charge. The transcript provides most of the line entries from the original tax return and usually contains the information that a third party (such as a mortgage company) requires. See Form 4506-T, Request for Transcript of Tax Return, or you can quickly request transcripts by using our automated self-help service tools. Please visit us at IRS.gov and click on “Get a Tax Transcript...” or call 1-800-908-9946.

1a Name shown on tax return. If a joint return, enter the name shown first. 1b First social security number on tax return, individual taxpayer identification number, or employer identification number (see instructions)

2a If a joint return, enter spouse’s name shown on tax return. 2b Second social security number or individual taxpayer identification number if joint tax return

3 Current name, address (including apt., room, or suite no.), city, state, and ZIP code (see instructions) 4 Previous address shown on the last return filed if different from line 3 (see instructions) 5 If the tax return is to be mailed to a third party (such as a mortgage company), enter the third party’s name, address, and telephone number.

Caution: If the tax return is being mailed to a third party, ensure that you have filled in lines 6 and 7 before signing. Sign and date the form once you have filled in these lines. Completing these steps helps to protect your privacy. Once the IRS discloses your tax return to the third party listed on line 5, the IRS has no control over what the third party does with the information. If you would like to limit the third party's authority to disclose your return information, you can specify this limitation in your written agreement with the third party.

6 Tax return requested. Form 1040, 1120, 941, etc. and all attachments as originally submitted to the IRS, including Form(s) W-2, schedules, or amended returns. Copies of Forms 1040, 1040A, and 1040EZ are generally available for 7 years from filing before they are destroyed by law. Other returns may be available for a longer period of time. Enter only one return number. If you need more than one type of return, you must complete another Form 4506. a Note: If the copies must be certified for court or administrative proceedings, check here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Year or period requested. Enter the ending date of the year or period, using the mm/dd/yyyy format. If you are requesting more than eight years or periods, you must attach another Form 4506.

8 Fee. There is a $50 fee for each return requested. Full payment must be included with your request or it will be rejected. Make your check or money order payable to “United States Treasury.” Enter your SSN, ITIN, or EIN and “Form 4506 request” on your check or money order. a Cost for each return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 50.00 b Number of returns requested on line 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c Total cost. Multiply line 8a by line 8b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9 If we cannot find the tax return, we will refund the fee. If the refund should go to the third party listed on line 5, check here . . . . . Caution: Do not sign this form unless all applicable lines have been completed. Signature of taxpayer(s). I declare that I am either the taxpayer whose name is shown on line 1a or 2a, or a person authorized to obtain the tax return requested. If the request applies to a joint return, at least one spouse must sign. If signed by a corporate officer, 1 percent or more shareholder, partner, managing member, guardian, tax matters partner, executor, receiver, administrator, trustee, or party other than the taxpayer, I certify that I have the authority to execute Form 4506 on behalf of the taxpayer. Note: This form must be received by IRS within 120 days of the signature date. Signatory attests that he/she has read the attestation clause and upon so reading declares that he/she has the authority to sign the Form 4506. See instructions. Phone number of taxpayer on line 1a or 2a F F F

Sign Signature (see instructions) Date Here Title (if line 1a above is a corporation, partnership, estate, or trust)

Spouse’s signature Date For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see page 2. Cat. No. 41721E Form 4506 (Rev. 7-2017)

Form 4506 (Rev. 7-2017) Page 2 Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code Chart for all other returns Corporations. Generally, Form 4506 can be unless otherwise noted. signed by: (1) an officer having legal authority to bind If you lived in the corporation, (2) any person designated by the Future Developments or your business Mail to: board of directors or other governing body, or (3) For the latest information about Form 4506 and its was in: any officer or employee on written request by any instructions, go to www.irs.gov/form4506. principal officer and attested to by the secretary or Information about any recent developments affecting Alabama, Alaska, other officer. A bona fide shareholder of record Form 4506, Form 4506-T and Form 4506T-EZ will be Arizona, Arkansas, owning 1 percent or more of the outstanding stock posted on that page. California, Colorado, of the corporation may submit a Form 4506 but must Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, provide documentation to support the requester's right to receive the information. General Instructions Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Partnerships. Generally, Form 4506 can be Caution: Do not sign this form unless all applicable Missouri, Montana, signed by any person who was a member of the lines have been completed. Nebraska, Nevada, partnership during any part of the tax period Purpose of form. Use Form 4506 to request a copy New Mexico, requested on line 7. Internal Revenue Service of your tax return. You can also designate (on line 5) North Dakota, All others. See section 6103(e) if the taxpayer has RAIVS Team a third party to receive the tax return. Oklahoma, Oregon, died, is insolvent, is a dissolved corporation, or if a P.O. Box 9941 South Dakota, Texas, trustee, guardian, executor, receiver, or How long will it take? It may take up to 75 Mail Stop 6734 Utah, Washington, administrator is acting for the taxpayer. calendar days for us to process your request. Ogden, UT 84409 Wyoming, a foreign Tip. Use Form 4506-T, Request for Transcript of Tax country, American Note: If you are Heir at law, Next of kin, or Return, to request tax return transcripts, tax account Samoa, Puerto Rico, Beneficiary you must be able to establish a material information, W-2 information, 1099 information, Guam, the interest in the estate or trust. verification of nonfiling, and records of account. Commonwealth of the Documentation. For entities other than individuals, Northern Mariana you must attach the authorization document. For Automated transcript request. You can quickly Islands, the U.S. Virgin example, this could be the letter from the principal request transcripts by using our automated self-help Islands, or A.P.O. or officer authorizing an employee of the corporation or service tools. Please visit us at IRS.gov and click on F.P.O. address the letters testamentary authorizing an individual to “Get a Tax Transcript...” or call 1-800-908-9946. act for an estate. Where to file. Attach payment and mail Form 4506 Connecticut, Delaware, to the address below for the state you lived in, or the District of Columbia, Signature by a representative. A representative state your business was in, when that return was Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, can sign Form 4506 for a taxpayer only if this filed. There are two address charts: one for Kentucky, Maine, authority has been specifically delegated to the individual returns (Form 1040 series) and one for all Maryland, representative on Form 2848, line 5. Form 2848 other returns. Massachusetts, Internal Revenue Service showing the delegation must be attached to Form Michigan, New RAIVS Team 4506. If you are requesting a return for more than one year or period and the chart below shows two Hampshire, New Jersey, P.O. Box 145500 New York, North Stop 2800 F Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act different addresses, send your request to the Carolina, Cincinnati, OH 45250 Notice. We ask for the information on this form to address based on the address of your most recent Ohio, Pennsylvania, establish your right to gain access to the requested return. Rhode Island, South return(s) under the Internal Revenue Code. We need Chart for individual returns Carolina, Tennessee, this information to properly identify the return(s) and Vermont, Virginia, West respond to your request. If you request a copy of a (Form 1040 series) Virginia, Wisconsin tax return, sections 6103 and 6109 require you to If you filed an provide this information, including your SSN or EIN, to process your request. If you do not provide this individual return Mail to: and lived in: Specific Instructions information, we may not be able to process your request. Providing false or fraudulent information Line 1b. Enter your employer identification number may subject you to penalties. Alabama, Kentucky, (EIN) if you are requesting a copy of a business Louisiana, Mississippi, return. Otherwise, enter the first social security Routine uses of this information include giving it to Tennessee, Texas, a number (SSN) or your individual taxpayer the Department of Justice for civil and criminal foreign country, American Internal Revenue Service identification number (ITIN) shown on the return. For litigation, and cities, states, the District of Columbia, Samoa, Puerto Rico, RAIVS Team example, if you are requesting Form 1040 that and U.S. commonwealths and possessions for use Guam, the Stop 6716 AUSC includes Schedule C (Form 1040), enter your SSN. in administering their tax laws. We may also Commonwealth of the Austin, TX 73301 disclose this information to other countries under a Northern Mariana Islands, Line 3. Enter your current address. If you use a P.O. tax treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce the U.S. Virgin Islands, or box, please include it on this line 3. federal nontax criminal laws, or to federal law A.P.O. or F.P.O. address Line 4. Enter the address shown on the last return enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat filed if different from the address entered on line 3. terrorism. Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Note: If the addresses on lines 3 and 4 are different You are not required to provide the information Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, and you have not changed your address with the requested on a form that is subject to the Paperwork Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, IRS, file Form 8822, Change of Address. For a Reduction Act unless the form displays a valid OMB Kansas, Michigan, Internal Revenue Service business address, file Form 8822-B, Change of control number. Books or records relating to a form Minnesota, Montana, RAIVS Team Address or Responsible Party — Business. or its instructions must be retained as long as their Nebraska, Nevada, New Stop 37106 contents may become material in the administration Signature and date. Form 4506 must be signed and of any Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax returns Mexico, North Dakota, Fresno, CA 93888 dated by the taxpayer listed on line 1a or 2a. The Oklahoma, Oregon, and return information are confidential, as required IRS must receive Form 4506 within 120 days of the by section 6103. South Dakota, Utah, date signed by the taxpayer or it will be rejected. Washington, Wisconsin, Ensure that all applicable lines are completed before The time needed to complete and file Form 4506 Wyoming signing. will vary depending on individual circumstances. The estimated average time is: Learning about the law Connecticut,

F You must check the box in the or the form, 10 min.; Preparing the form, 16 min.; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maine, ! signature area to acknowledge you have the authority to sign and request CAUTION the information. The form will not be and Copying, assembling, and sending the form to the IRS, 20 min. If you have comments concerning the accuracy of Maryland, Internal Revenue Service processed and returned to you if the box is these time estimates or suggestions for making Massachusetts, RAIVS Team Form 4506 simpler, we would be happy to hear from Missouri, New Stop 6705 P-6 unchecked. you. You can write to: Hampshire, New Jersey, Kansas City, MO Individuals. Copies of jointly filed tax returns may New York, North Internal Revenue Service 64999 be furnished to either spouse. Only one signature is Carolina, Ohio, Tax Forms and Publications Division required. Sign Form 4506 exactly as your name Pennsylvania, Rhode 1111 Constitution Ave. NW, IR-6526 appeared on the original return. If you changed your Island, South Carolina, Washington, DC 20224. name, also sign your current name. Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia Do not send the form to this address. Instead, see Where to file on this page.

Attachment D

CONSENT TO RELEASE FINANCIAL RECORDS

I, __________________________of _______________________, (City, State), do hereby direct any bank, saving and loan association, credit union, depository institution, finance company, commercial lending company, credit card processor, credit card processing entity, automated clearing house, network transaction processor, bank debit processing entity, automated clearing house, network transaction processor, bank debit processing entity, brokerage house, escrow agent, money market or mutual fund, title company, commodity trading company, trustee, or person that holds, controls, or maintains custody of assets, wherever located, that are owned or controlled by me or at which there is an account of any kind upon which I am authorized to draw, and its officers, employees, and agents, to disclose all information and deliver copies of all documents of every nature in its possession or control which relate to the said accounts to any attorney of the Federal Trade Commission, and to give evidence relevant thereto, in the matter of [ ], now pending in the United States District Court of [ ], and this shall be irrevocable authority for so doing.

This direction is intended to apply to the laws of countries other than the United States of America which restrict or prohibit disclosure of bank or other financial information without the consent of the holder of the account, and shall be construed as consent with respect hereto, and the same shall apply to any of the accounts for which I may be a relevant principal.

Dated:_______________ Signature:_____________________________

Printed Name:__________________________

Footnotes

[10] of 10 Federal Trade Commission Financial Statement of Individual Defendant