Ayala v. Young

1 WO — 2 — — 3 — — 4 — — 5 — 6 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 7 FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA — 8 — 9 Gerado Ayala, No. CV-22-01089-PHX-DLR 10 Plaintiff, ORDER 11 v. 12 Nathanael Young, et al., 13 Defendants. — 14 — — 15 — 16 This action arises out of a March 2020 vehicle collision involving Plaintiff Gerado 17 Ayala and Defendant Nathaneal Young, who was employed and operating a truck owned 18 by Defendant U.S. Xpress, Inc. Ayala alleges that Young was negligent, and that U.S. 19 Xpress is vicariously liable for Young’s negligence. Ayala also alleges that U.S. Xpress is 20 directly liable for negligently supervising and training Young and entrusting him with a 21 truck. (Doc. 1-3.) 22 Defendants move for summary judgment on Ayala’s alleged damages arising from 23 retinal injuries, and on his direct negligence claims against U.S. Xpress. (Doc. 27.) 24 Summary judgment is appropriately granted when there’s no genuine dispute as to any 25 material fact and, viewing those facts in a light most favorable to the nonmoving party, the 26 movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). Ayala failed to 27 respond to the summary judgment motion, despite being represented by counsel, having 28 ample notice of the motion, and being notified by the Court that no response had been filed. 1 (See Doc. 29.) The Local Rules allow the Court to treat a party’s failure to file and serve a 2 response brief as a consent to the granting of the underlying motion. LRCiv 7.2(i). Despite 3 the Local Rule, the Court may not grant summary judgment simply because the opposing 4 party violated this type of local rule. See Marshall v. Gates, 44 F.3d 722, 725 (9th Cir. 5 1995); Henry v. Gill Indus., Inc., 983 F.2d 943, 950 (9th Cir. 1993). In the summary 6 judgment context, the Court must examine the unopposed motion to ensure that the movant 7 is entitled to judgment, even if the nonmoving party, with ample notice of the dispositive 8 motion, has chosen not to respond. In performing this review, the Court may deem all the 9 movant’s facts undisputed, given the nonmovant’s failure to controvert them. See Fed. R. 10 Civ. P. 56(e)(2); Szaley v. Pima Cnty., 371 Fed. App’x 734, 735 (9th Cir. 2010); (Doc. 11 11 at 5 (“Any fact that is ignored may be deemed uncontested.”)). 12 The Court will begin with Ayala’s direct negligence claims against U.S. Xpress. 13 Defendants do not ask the Court to grant summary judgment on Ayala’s claim that U.S. 14 Xpress is vicariously liable for Young’s alleged negligence. But Defendants argue that 15 Ayala has no evidence supporting his claims that U.S. Xpress was directly negligent in 16 supervising, training, and entrusting Young. The Court is compelled to agree. Defendants 17 have asserted in their motion that Ayala has no evidence supporting his direct negligence 18 theories against U.S. Xpress, and because Ayala chose not to respond to the motion, he 19 necessarily has failed to proffer any such evidence to defeat Defendants’ motion. Summary 20 judgment may be entered where, as here, a party “fails to make a showing sufficient to 21 establish the existence of an element essential to that party’s case, and on which that party 22 will bear the burden of proof at trial.” Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). 23 Next, Defendants contend that Ayala cannot establish that his alleged retinal injuries 24 were caused by the accident. Again, the Court is compelled to agree. Where, as here, the 25 nexus between the injury and the alleged cause is not within a juror’s common knowledge, 26 expert evidence is required to establish the casual connection. See Rhodes v. Energy Marine 27 LLC, CV14-08206-PCT-JJT, 2016 WL 6700973 , at *3 (D. Ariz. Nov. 15, 2016). What’s 28 more, “medical testimony of the possibility of the existence of the causal relationship, 1 || without more, is insufficient.” Butler v. Wong, 573 P.2d 86, 87 (Ariz. Ct. App. 1977) 2|| (internal quotation and citations omitted). Here, Defendants’ ophthalmologist expert opined that Ayala’s retinal injuries were more likely caused by his multiple prior automobile accidents and/or previous incidents involving physical violence. (Doc. 27-5.) || Ayala’s ophthalmologist expert stated that it was possible Ayala’s retinal injuries were 6 || caused by the accident, but he could not say to a reasonable degree of medical probability || that those injuries were caused by the accident. (Docs. 27-6, 27-7.) And because Ayala 8 || chose not to respond to the motion, he has provided the Court with no evidence of causation beyond a medical opinion that a causal relationship is possible. This is insufficient as a 10 || matter of law. 11 For these reasons, 12 IT IS ORDERED that Defendants’ motion for summary judgment (Doc. 27) is 13 || GRANTED as to Ayala’s alleged damages arising from retinal injuries, and his direct 14]| negligence claims against U.S. Xpress only. 15 IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that Defendants’ motion for a ruling on their |} summary judgment motion (Doc. 32) is DENIED, both because the motion is now moot || and because it is unnecessary to file a motion asking for a ruling on a motion—by filing 18 || the initial motion, the moving party obviously and necessarily is seeking a ruling on the || issues presented. Where, as here, the non-moving party fails to file a response, the moving 20 || party may file a notice with the Court alerting it that the motion is ripe for ruling. But it is unnecessary to file yet another motion asking the Court to do what the original motion 22 || already asks. 23 Dated this 12th day of September, 2023. 24 - 25 J _—S □□ ee 26 Do . Rayes 37 United States District Judge — 28 — -3-