Choudhuri v. Specialised Loan Servicing

[3] 4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA [6] 7 KABITA CHOUDHURI, Case No. 3:19-cv-04198-JD 8 Plaintiff, ORDER RE SUMMARY JUDGMENT 9 v. AND STAY 10 SPECIALISED LOAN SERVICING, et al., Re: Dkt. No. 71, 80, 83 Defendants. [12] 13 After several rounds of motions and orders, see Dkt. Nos. 6, 33, 65, one claim remains in 14 this case: did defendants Specialized Loan Servicing (SLS) and Bosco Credit LLC (Bosco) fail to 15 respond to “qualified written requests” (QWRs) from pro se plaintiff Kabita Choudhuri about a 16 mortgage on her home, in violation of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, 12 U.S.C. 17 §§ 2601 et seq., (RESPA)? The answer is no, and defendants’ motions for summary judgment are 18 granted. See Dkt. Nos. 80, 83. Choudhuri’s request to stay foreclosure, Dkt. No. 71, is denied. 19 DISCUSSION 20 I. LEGAL STANDARDS 21 Parties “may move for summary judgment, identifying each claim or defense -- or the part 22 of each claim or defense -- on which summary judgment is sought. The court shall grant summary 23 judgment if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the 24 movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). A dispute is genuine “if 25 the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.” 26 Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986). 27 A fact is material if it could affect the outcome of the suit under the governing law. Id. To 1 the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, and “all justifiable inferences are to be drawn” in 2 that party’s favor. Id. at 255 . The moving party may initially establish the absence of a genuine 3 issue of material fact by “pointing out to the district court that there is an absence of evidence to 4 support the nonmoving party’s case.” Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 325 (1986). It is 5 then the nonmoving party’s burden to go beyond the pleadings and identify specific facts that 6 show a genuine issue for trial. Id. at 323-24 . “A scintilla of evidence or evidence that is merely 7 colorable or not significantly probative does not present a genuine issue of material fact.” Addisu 8 v. Fred Meyer, Inc., 198 F.3d 1130, 1134 (9th Cir. 2000). It is not the Court’s task to scour the 9 record in search of a genuine issue of triable fact. Winding Creek Solar LLC v. Peevey, 293 F. 10 Supp. 3d 980, 989 (N.D. Cal. 2017), aff’d, 932 F.3d 861 (9th Cir. 2019). 11 II. SUMMARY JUDGMENT RE SLS 12 SLS says that it is entitled to summary judgment because Choudhuri did not send a QWR 13 to the RESPA address established by SLS. There is no genuine dispute about this dispositive fact, 14 and so summary judgment is granted in favor of SLS. 15 RESPA requires that “[i]f any servicer of a federally related mortgage loan receives a 16 qualified written request from the borrower (or the agent of the borrower) for information relating 17 to the servicing of such loan, the servicer shall provide a written response acknowledging receipt 18 of the correspondence within 5 days.” 12 U.S.C. § 2605 (e)(1)(A). A servicer must respond to the 19 QWR within 30 days. 12 U.S.C. § 2605 (e)(2). The implementing regulations for RESPA state 20 that a “servicer may, by written notice provided to a borrower, establish an address that a borrower 21 must use to request information.” 12 C.F.R. § 1024.36 (b). 22 If a servicer establishes a RESPA address and notifies a borrower of it, a borrower has a 23 QWR claim only if she sent the QWR to that address. 12 C.F.R. § 1024.36 (b). Several circuit 24 courts have concluded that a QWR sent to an address other than the established address of the 25 servicer does not trigger a duty under RESPA. See Roth v. CitiMortgage Inc., 756 F.3d 178 , 182 26 (2d Cir. 2014) (“As long as a servicer complies with the notice requirements of 24 C.F.R. § 27 3500.21 for designating a QWR address, a letter sent to a different address is not a QWR.”); 1 to the designated address ‘for receipt and handling of QWRs’ does not trigger the servicer’s duties 2 under RESPA.”); Wease v. Ocwen Loan Servicing, LLC, 915 F.3d. 987, 995 (5th Cir. 2019) 3 (“Ignoring an exclusive QWR address carries harsh consequences. Circuit courts consistently 4 conclude that a loan servicer need not answer a misaddressed QWR -- and that responding to such 5 a letter does not trigger RESPA duties -- if the servicer set an exclusive address.”). The Ninth 6 Circuit has held as much in an unpublished opinion, which is instructive, albeit not binding. See 7 Ho v. Recontrust Co., 669 F. App’x 857, 858 (9th Cir. 2016) (no claim when borrower did not 8 send QWR “to the address specified by her loan servicer”) (unpublished). District courts within 9 our circuit have reached the same conclusion. See, e.g., Loewy v. CMG Mort., Inc., 385 F. Supp. 10 3d 1083, 1086 (S.D. Cal. 2019). 11 SLS has demonstrated that it established a mailing address for RESPA purposes, and 12 provided notice of the address to Choudhuri. Choudhuri did not proffer any evidence indicating 13 that she sent a QWR to SLS’s designated address. This is fatal to her claim against SLS. 14 The evidence is not subject to a genuine dispute. SLS sent Choudhuri a notice on 15 December 7, 2018, stating its established address for a RESPA QWR. Dkt. No. 80-5 at ECF 68. 16 The notice provides in pertinent part: “A notice of error or request for information regarding the 17 servicing of the mortgage account (including a qualified written request) must be sent to this 18 address: Specialized Loan Servicing LLC, P.O. Box 630147, Littleton, CO 80163-0147.” Id. 19 (cleaned up). SLS sent a second notice to Choudhuri on August 20, 2020, in a letter denying 20 Choudhuri’s request for a loan modification. Id. at ECF 112. Choudhuri says that she never 21 received the notice of SLS’s designated address, but the record indicates that SLS used her correct 22 mailing address, and Choudhuri has not rebutted the presumption that the notices were duly 23 delivered. Busquets-Ivars v. Ashcroft, 333 F.3d 1008, 1010 (9th Cir. 2003) (“The rule is well 24 settled that if a letter properly directed is proved to have been either put into the post-office or 25 delivered to the postman, it is presumed, from the known course of business in the post-office 26 department, that it reached its destination at the regular time, and was received by the person to 27 whom it was addressed.”); Dkt. No. 90 at 4. 1 The record indicates, again without a genuine dispute, that Choudhuri did not send a QWR 2 to the address established by SLS. Choudhuri sent a QWR on June 6, 2020, to Specialized Loan 3 Servicing, 8742 Lucent Boulevard, Ste. 300, Highlands Ranch, CO 80129. Dkt. No. 80-4 at ECF 4 47. This was not the established address. Choudhuri emailed a QWR to SLS’s attorneys at Duane 5 Morris. Dkt. No. 80-3 at ECF 4, 6. Emailing a QWR is not sufficient because an email address is 6 not the established RESPA address. See Berneike, 708 F.3d at 1149 (“Communication failing to 7 meet the requirements of RESPA and its implementing regulation amounts to nothing more than 8 general correspondence between a borrower and servicer.”); Loewy, 385 F. Supp. 3d at 1087 n.1 9 (“The Loewys’ email, by virtue of being a digital communication, was necessarily not sent to this 10 designated mailing address.”). 11 Choudhuri also points to several monthly mortgage statements on which she wrote notes 12 by hand about QWRs, and which she says she mailed to SLS.1 Dkt. No. 90 at 2; Dkt. No. 90-1 at 13 6-9. These notes are not QWRs within the meaning of RESPA, which states that a QWR “shall be 14 a written correspondence, other than notice on a payment coupon or other payment medium 15 supplied by the servicer.” 12 U.S.C. § 2605 (e)(1)(B). Choudhuri says that her handwritten notes 16 on the monthly mortgage statements were “QWR cover letter[s],” Dkt. No. 90 at 4, but she did not 17 produce any evidence indicating that a QWR was attached to the notes. In any event, the 18 handwritten notes were again sent to an address that was not the SLS established address. 19 Choudhuri sent them to P.O. Box 636007, Dkt. No. 80-4 at ECF 30; the designated address was 20 P.O. Box 630147, Dkt. No. 80-5 at ECF 68. 21 Consequently, Choudhuri has not established a genuine issue of material fact about 22 sending a QWR to SLS’s designated address. Summary judgment is granted to SLS on the 23 RESPA claim. [27] 1 SLS objects to these notes because Choudhuri did not produced them in discovery. Dkt. No. 96 III. SUMMARY JUDGMENT RE BOSCO [1] Bosco has asked for summary judgment on the ground that it is not a loan servicer subject [2] to RESPA’s QWR requirements. Dkt. No. 83 at 10-12. Under RESPA’s implementing [3] regulations, a servicer is defined as “a person responsible for the servicing of a federally related [4] mortgage loan (including the person who makes or holds such loan if such person also services the [5] loan).” 12 C.F.R. § 1024.2 (b). Servicing is defined as “receiving any scheduled period payments [6] from a borrower pursuant to the terms of any federally related mortgage loan” and “making [7] payments to the owner of the loan or other third parties of principal and interest and such other [8] payments with respect to the amounts received from the borrower as may be required pursuant to [9] the terms of the mortgage servicing loan documents or servicing contract.” Id. The obligations to [10] respond to a QWR under RESPA relate to loan servicers, not loan originators or loan holders. 12 11 U.S.C. § 2605 (e); see also Ho, 669 F. App’x at 858 (“Since neither of these entities was the loan [12] servicer, neither entity was required by RESPA to respond to Ho’s QWRs.”); Santos v. U.S. Bank [13] N.A., 716 F. Supp. 2d 970, 979 (E.D. Cal. 2010) (“RESPA does not require loan originators to [14] respond to QWRs.”); cf. Medrano v. Flagstar Bank, FSB, 704 F.3d 661, 667 (9th Cir. 2012) (“The [15] statute thus distinguishes between letters that relate to borrowers’ disputes regarding servicing, on [16] the one hand, and those regarding the borrower’s contractual relationship with the lender, on the [17] other.”) [18] Choudhuri’s claim against Bosco is based on a home equity credit line and agreement that [19] originated with Cal State 9 Credit Union. Dkt. No. 83-2 at ¶ 5; Dkt. No. 83-4 at ECF 6. The [20] record demonstrates, without a genuine dispute, that Bosco acquired the credit line in May 2008, [21] and that the servicing of the credit line was transferred to Franklin Credit Management Corp. [22] (Franklin). Dkt. No. 83-2 at ¶¶ 10-13. Although Bosco is the holder of the loan, Franklin is the [23] loan servicer for the loan. Id. at ¶ 13. Choudhuri acknowledged in the TAC that Franklin was the [24] servicer of the loan. See Dkt. No. 42 at 8. [25] Choudhuri has not proffered any evidence showing that Bosco was a loan servicer with [26] respect to her credit line. To the contrary, she effectively conceded that Bosco is not a servicer by [27] saying that it should not be allowed to hide behind a servicer to escape liability. Dkt. No. 88 at 41 5. The plain language of the statute bars this theory. See also Ho, 669 F. App’x at 858 (sending a 2 QWR to anyone other than the loan servicer does not trigger RESPA obligations). 3 Consequently, Choudhuri has not demonstrated a genuine dispute of material fact that 4 || Bosco was not a servicer within the meaning of RESPA. Summary judgment is granted to Bosco 5 on the RESPA claim. 6 || IV. STAY REQUEST 7 Choudhuri’s request for a stay is not entirely clear. Dkt. No. 71. She appears to suggest 8 that a stay is warranted to complete discovery, but also says that SLS had “begun to harass” her 9 with multiple notices of default. Id. at 1. Discovery has closed, and the record does not indicate 10 || harassment by SLS. To the extent she intended to request a full stop of this litigation, no good 11 reason supports that. A stay is denied. 12 CONCLUSION 13 The grants of summary judgment terminate this case. The case is closed. A judgment for 14 || the prevailing parties will be entered separately. IT IS SO ORDERED. a 16 || Dated: April 20, 2022 [18] JAMES MONATO 19 United ptates District Judge