Green v. Smith

Sherwin, J. — 185 — — 1 — — 184 — In the trial in the district court the county attorney was permitted to appear for the plaintiff, against the objection of the defendants, and this is the first error assigned. Section 2450 of the Code’provides that, if the board shall find the statement sufficient, any citizen of the county may file a general denial as to the statement, and directs that the county attorney shall then cause a notice thereof to be served upon the persons filing the statement, and appear for the state upon the hearing before the dis — 185 — trict court. It also makes it the duty of the county attorney to appear in the district court and defend the action of the board in case an appeal is taken from its finding that the statement is insufficient. The statute itself requires the county attorney to appear against the statement in all proceedings before the district’court upon appeal, and the court rightly permitted him to do so. 2 II. The defendants demanded a trial by jury, and this the court refused, — as we think, properly. This is a special proceeding. In its inception there were no parties to it, either plaintiff or. defendant. There was no private right to be protected or enforced, nor any private wrong to be 'prevented or redressed. It was an ex parte statement of consent to the sale of intoxicating liquors by any one who might comply with the law relating thereto. An appeal from the finding of the board of supervisors did not change its nature, notwithstanding the fact that interested persons were required to file a bond for the- costs of a trial de novo in the district court. The statute in question does not require a trial by jury, and in such cases we have held that it is not an absolute right, and the general holding of this court has been against such trial in special proceedings. Gilruth v. Gilruth, 40 Iowa, 346; Davis v. City of Clinton, 55 Iowa, 549; In re Bresee, 82 Iowa, 573; Gates v. Brooks, 59 Iowa, 510; Duffield v. Walden, 102 Iowa, 676; In re Bradley, 108 Iowa, 476. — 186 — — 3 — — 185 — It is contended that, after a statement of consent has been filed with the auditor of the county, it becomes effective, and rights vest thereunder, and that no one can thereafter withdraw his consent. This construction cannot be given the statute, nor can this claim be sustained. Section 2450 provides that all statements of consent filed under the láw “shall be publicly canvassed by the board of supervisors after ten days’ notice has been given of such intended canvass,” and “its finding as to the results shall be entered of record, and such finding shall be effectual for the purpose — 186 — herein contemplated until revoked.” It is clear that it was the legislative intent that no bar should arise under this law until the statement of consent was adjudged sufficient, and that no possible right can vest until this matter has been determined. The filing of the statement in the auditor’s office was the preliminary step required by the law to secure a hearing before the board of supervisors. Its filing was necessary to give the board jurisdiction, but conferred no right, except that of having its sufficiency determined. Nor does the law say that the board shall determine the sufficiency of the statement as it was when filed. The board has only to deal with it as it comes to it. When filed, if not at once after signing, it was beyond the control of the signer, and the only way open for -him to reconsider his action was to appeal to the board, as was done in this case. Shall it be said that a person who voluntarily signs a general statement of this nature cannot, before action is taken thereon, withdraw his consent, and by proper written notice and request to the board annul his former act, when the very purpose of the statement before the board is to show that a certain per cent, of the voters of the county at that time consent to the sale of intoxicating liquors therein ? This seems to us against reason and in direct antagonism to that freedom of individual action which is so universally recognized and sustained when not in conflict with public or private rights. To say that one may not withdraw his consent to a certain line of action before rights are acquired thereunder is not sound in principle, nor do we believe it is sustained by the authorities. The district court was right in excluding from the statement of consent the seventy signatures in question Dunham v. Fox, 100 Iowa, 131; La Londe v. Board, 80 Wis. 380 (49 N. W. Rep. 960); Slingerland v. Norton, 59 Minn. 351 (61 N. W. Rep. 322); State v. Board of Com'rs of Crow Wing County, 71 Minn. 50 (73 N. W. Rep. 631); Black v. Campbell, 112 Ind. 122 (13 N. E. Rep. 409). This hold — 187 — ing is not in conflict with Loomis v. Bailey, 45 Iowa, 400; nor with Jamison v. Board, 47 Iowa, 390. Both, of these easés involved the question of counting names which appeared on both the petition and remonstrance in proceedings to locate county seats, and under the law they could only be counted on the remonstrance. The deduction of these names leaves the statement of consent insufficient as to number, and the trial court so held. Other questions are presented by the record, but, as their consideration will not change the result, we do not discuss them. The judgment of the district court is affirmed.